Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India.
Int J Pharm. 2019 Mar 10;558:29-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.12.068. Epub 2018 Dec 29.
Recent years have witnessed a paradigm shift in the focus of healthcare towards development of customized therapies which cater to the unmet needs in a myriad of disease areas such as cancer, infections, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory disorders. The term 'theranostic' refers to such multifunctional systems which combine the features of diagnosis and treatment in a single platform for superior control of the disease. Theranostic systems enable detection of disease, treatment and real time monitoring of the diseased tissue. Theranostic nanocarriers endowed with multiple features of imaging, targeting, and providing on-demand delivery of therapeutic agents have been designed for enhancement of therapeutic outcomes. Fabrication of theranostics involves utilization of materials having distinct properties for imaging, targeting, and programming drug release spatially and temporally. Although the field of theranostics has been widely researched and explored so far for treatment of different types of cancer, there have been considerable efforts in the past few years to extend its scope to other areas such as infections, neurodegenerative disorders and cardiovascular diseases. This review showcases the potential applications of theranostics in disease areas other than cancer. It also highlights the cardinal issues which need to be addressed for successful clinical translation of these theranostic tools.
近年来，医疗保健的重点发生了重大转变，转向开发针对癌症、感染、心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病和炎症性疾病等众多疾病领域的未满足需求的定制疗法。“治疗诊断学”一词是指将诊断和治疗功能结合在单个平台中的多功能系统，以更好地控制疾病。治疗诊断系统能够检测疾病、进行治疗并实时监测患病组织。治疗诊断纳米载体具有成像、靶向和按需递药的多种特性，已被设计用于增强治疗效果。治疗诊断学的制造涉及利用具有不同特性的材料进行成像、靶向和空间和时间控制药物释放。尽管迄今为止，治疗诊断学领域已经广泛研究和探索用于治疗不同类型的癌症，但在过去几年中，已经做出了相当大的努力将其范围扩展到感染、神经退行性疾病和心血管疾病等其他领域。本综述展示了治疗诊断学在癌症以外的疾病领域的潜在应用。它还强调了成功将这些治疗诊断工具临床转化所需解决的关键问题。
