Author Affiliations: Department of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, China.
Cancer Nurs. 2020 Sep/Oct;43(5):E246-E253. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000680.
Job burnout could negatively affect nursing care provided. However, little is known about burnout and caring behaviors among oncology nurses in China.
The aims of this study were to investigate the status of burnout and caring behaviors among oncology nurses in China, to examine the relationship between them, and to identify factors that affect caring behaviors.
A nationwide multicenter study was performed in 6 public cancer hospitals in June 2016. Data were collected through an online survey with instruments of a sociodemographic and occupational characteristics questionnaire, the Caring Behavior Inventory, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Descriptive statistics, independent-samples t tests or 1-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analyses, and multiple regression analyses were applied.
A total of 3100 oncology nurses were invited to participate; 3014 valid questionnaires were returned. The percentages of oncology nurses experiencing high levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, or diminished personal accomplishment were 30.16%, 19.97%, and 47.28%, respectively. Caring Behavior Inventory scores were significantly and negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and diminished personal accomplishment. Depersonalization, diminished personal accomplishment, level of family concern, and original nursing degree level showed significant negative influence on caring behaviors.
Burnout (depersonalization and diminished personal accomplishment), family concern, and original nursing degree were negatively related to oncology nurses' caring behaviors.
Initiatives in oncology nursing in China are needed that focus on improving job burnout and emphasize humanistic oncology nursing care, such as caring nurses' personal factors, creating a harmonious working environment, strengthening coping skills, and building a caring organizational culture.
职业倦怠会对护理工作产生负面影响。然而，目前人们对中国肿瘤科护士的倦怠和护理行为知之甚少。
本研究旨在调查中国肿瘤科护士的倦怠和护理行为状况，探讨两者之间的关系，并确定影响护理行为的因素。
2016 年 6 月，在 6 家公立肿瘤医院进行了一项全国多中心研究。通过在线调查收集数据，调查工具包括一般人口学和职业特征问卷、关怀行为量表和 Maslach 职业倦怠量表。采用描述性统计、独立样本 t 检验或单因素方差分析、Pearson 相关分析和多元回归分析。
共邀请 3100 名肿瘤科护士参加，回收有效问卷 3014 份。有 30.16%、19.97%和 47.28%的肿瘤科护士经历了较高水平的情绪耗竭、去人性化和个人成就感降低。关怀行为量表得分与情绪耗竭、去人性化和个人成就感降低呈显著负相关。去人性化、个人成就感降低、家庭关注程度和原始护理学位水平对关怀行为有显著的负向影响。
倦怠（去人性化和个人成就感降低）、家庭关注程度和原始护理学位与肿瘤科护士的关怀行为呈负相关。
中国需要在肿瘤护理方面采取措施，重点改善工作倦怠，强调人文关怀护理，如关怀护士的个人因素、营造和谐的工作环境、加强应对技巧以及建立关怀型组织文化。
