Molero María Del Mar, Pérez-Fuentes María Del Carmen, Gázquez José Jesús
University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Front Psychol. 2018 Dec 18;9:2605. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02605. eCollection 2018.
At the present time, we know that there is a positive relationship between self-efficacy and self-esteem in which positive beliefs about one's own efficacy increase one's sense of self-worth as stressful situations of a heavy workload are coped with successfully, and this, in turn, affects the nurses' plans to work longer. Analyze the mediating role of self-efficacy and self-esteem in the effect of workload, measured as the number of users attended to during a workday, on burnout in nursing professionals. A sample of 1307 nurses aged 22 to 60 years who were administered the , the , and the , and workload, measured as the number of users attended to during the workday. The results show that professionals with high levels of self-efficacy also scored higher on global self-esteem. Burnout correlated negatively with both variables (self-efficacy and self-esteem). Three clusters were found with the variables (self-efficacy, self-esteem, and workload) showing significant differences in burnout scores among clusters. Self-efficacy and self-esteem function as buffers of the negative effects of workload on burnout. Organizations should design interventions for promoting the personal resources of their workers through training activities and organizational resources (e.g., redesigning job positions) to promote satisfaction and wellbeing of employees, making their stay at work greater.
目前，我们知道自我效能感和自尊之间存在正相关关系，即当成功应对工作量大的压力情境时，对自身效能的积极信念会增强自我价值感，而这反过来又会影响护士延长工作时间的计划。分析自我效能感和自尊在工作量（以工作日期间接待的用户数量衡量）对护理专业人员倦怠影响中的中介作用。对1307名年龄在22至60岁之间的护士进行了抽样调查，他们接受了[相关量表名称未给出]、[相关量表名称未给出]和[相关量表名称未给出]的测试，并以工作日期间接待的用户数量来衡量工作量。结果表明，自我效能感水平高的专业人员在总体自尊方面得分也更高。倦怠与这两个变量（自我效能感和自尊）均呈负相关。发现三个聚类，变量（自我效能感、自尊和工作量）在聚类间的倦怠得分上存在显著差异。自我效能感和自尊起到了缓冲工作量对倦怠负面影响的作用。组织应通过培训活动和组织资源（如重新设计工作岗位）来设计干预措施，以促进员工的个人资源，从而提高员工的满意度和幸福感，使他们在工作岗位上的停留时间更长。
