Duboz Raphaël, Echaubard Pierre, Promburom Panomsak, Kilvington Margaret, Ross Helen, Allen Will, Ward John, Deffuant Guillaume, de Garine-Wichatitsky Michel, Binot Aurélie
ASTRE, CIRAD, INRA, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Front Vet Sci. 2018 Dec 17;5:303. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00303. eCollection 2018.
One Health (OH), EcoHealth (EH), and Planetary Health (PH) share an interest in transdisciplinary efforts that bring together scientists, citizens, government and private sectors to implement contextualized actions that promote adaptive health management across human, animal and ecosystem interfaces. A key operational element underlying these Integrated Approaches to Health (IAH) is use of Systems Thinking as a set of tools for integration. In this paper we discuss the origins and epistemology of systems thinking and argue that participatory modeling, informed by both systems theory and expertise in facilitating engagement and social learning, can help ground IAH theoretically and support its development. Participatory modeling is iterative and adaptive, which is necessary to deal with complexity in practice. Participatory modeling (PM) methods actively involve affected interests and stakeholders to ground the field of inquiry in a specific social-ecological context. Furthermore, PM processes act to reconcile the diverse understandings of the empirical world that stem from divergent discipline and community viewpoints. In this perspective article, we argue that PM can support systems thinking in practice and is essential for IAH implementation. Accordingly we invite PH, OH, and EH practitioners to systematically incorporate specialists in systems science and social engagement and facilitation. This will enable the appropriate contextualization of research practice and interventions, and ensure a balanced representation of the roles and relationships of medical, biological, mathematical, and social disciplines. For completeness, funding schemes supporting IAH need to follow the same iterative, adaptive, and participative processes to accompany IAH projects throughout their implementation.
同一健康（OH）、生态健康（EH）和行星健康（PH）都关注跨学科的努力，这些努力将科学家、公民、政府和私营部门聚集在一起，以实施情境化行动，促进在人类、动物和生态系统界面上的适应性健康管理。这些综合健康方法（IAH）的一个关键操作要素是使用系统思维作为一套整合工具。在本文中，我们讨论了系统思维的起源和认识论，并认为在系统理论以及促进参与和社会学习的专业知识的指导下，参与式建模可以在理论上为综合健康方法奠定基础并支持其发展。参与式建模是迭代和适应性的，这对于在实践中应对复杂性是必要的。参与式建模（PM）方法积极让受影响的利益相关者参与进来，将研究领域立足于特定的社会生态背景中。此外，参与式建模过程有助于协调源于不同学科和社区观点的对经验世界的不同理解。在这篇观点文章中，我们认为参与式建模可以在实践中支持系统思维，并且对于实施综合健康方法至关重要。因此，我们邀请行星健康、同一健康和生态健康的从业者系统地纳入系统科学以及社会参与和促进方面的专家。这将使研究实践和干预措施能够适当地情境化，并确保医学、生物学、数学和社会学科的作用和关系得到平衡体现。为了全面起见，支持综合健康方法的资助计划需要遵循相同的迭代、适应性和参与性过程，在综合健康方法项目的整个实施过程中陪伴它们。
