感知歧视与与身体健康相关的生活质量：西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究（HCHS/SOL）社会文化辅助研究。
Perceived discrimination and physical health-related quality of life: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Sociocultural Ancillary Study.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
出版信息
Soc Sci Med. 2019 Feb;222:91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.12.038. Epub 2018 Dec 27.
RATIONALE
The aim of this study was to examine the direct associations of perceived personal and group discrimination with physical health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Latinx adults. We also tested whether ethnic identity and depression symptoms sequentially mediate these associations.
METHOD
This population-based study included 5313 Latinx adults, ages 18-74 years, from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008-11) and its Sociocultural Ancillary Study (2010-11). Participants were recruited from the Bronx; NY; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; and San Diego, CA. Self-reported perceived personal and group discrimination, ethnic identity, depression symptoms, and physical HRQoL were ascertained through interviewer-administered surveys. Survey-weighted path analysis was used to examine direct and indirect effects simultaneously in one analytic model controlling for demographic covariates.
RESULTS
Path analysis indicated that higher perceived personal discrimination was directly associated with poorer physical HRQoL and this association was only mediated by depression symptoms. In contrast, perceived group discrimination was not directly associated with physical HRQoL. However, each of the direct paths linking perceived group discrimination to physical HRQoL were statistically significant: perceived group discrimination was positively associated with ethnic identity, and ethnic identity was negatively associated with depression symptoms, and, in turn, depression symptoms were negatively associated with physical HRQoL. Our model accounted for 18% of the variance of physical HRQoL.
CONCLUSIONS
Perceived personal and group discrimination are differently associated with physical HRQoL. Results highlight the importance of considering self-perceptions of different discrimination forms when evaluating its impact on the physical HRQoL of Latinx adults.
目的
本研究旨在检验拉丁裔成年人感知到的个人和群体歧视与身体健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）之间的直接关联。我们还测试了种族认同和抑郁症状是否依次介导这些关联。
方法
这项基于人群的研究包括 5313 名 18-74 岁的拉丁裔成年人，来自西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究（2008-11 年）及其社会文化辅助研究（2010-11 年）。参与者来自纽约布朗克斯区；伊利诺伊州芝加哥；佛罗里达州迈阿密；和加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥。通过访谈者管理的调查，确定自我报告的感知个人和群体歧视、种族认同、抑郁症状和身体 HRQoL。在一个分析模型中，同时使用调查加权路径分析控制人口统计学协变量，以检验直接和间接效应。
结果
路径分析表明，感知到的个人歧视越高与身体 HRQoL 越差直接相关，而这种关联仅通过抑郁症状介导。相比之下，感知到的群体歧视与身体 HRQoL 没有直接关联。然而，将感知到的群体歧视与身体 HRQoL 联系起来的每一条直接路径都具有统计学意义：感知到的群体歧视与种族认同呈正相关，而种族认同与抑郁症状呈负相关，而抑郁症状与身体 HRQoL 呈负相关。我们的模型解释了身体 HRQoL 方差的 18%。
结论
感知到的个人和群体歧视与身体 HRQoL 有不同的关联。结果强调了在评估不同歧视形式对拉丁裔成年人身体 HRQoL 的影响时，考虑自我感知的不同歧视形式的重要性。
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