Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
J Virol. 2019 Mar 21;93(7). doi: 10.1128/JVI.01688-18. Print 2019 Apr 1.
Chloroviruses exist in aquatic systems around the planet and they infect certain eukaryotic green algae that are mutualistic endosymbionts in a variety of protists and metazoans. Natural chlorovirus populations are seasonally dynamic, but the precise temporal changes in these populations and the mechanisms that underlie them have heretofore been unclear. We recently reported the novel concept that predator/prey-mediated virus activation regulates chlorovirus population dynamics, and in the current study, we demonstrate virus-packaged chemotactic modulation of prey behavior. Viruses have not previously been reported to act as chemotactic/chemoattractive agents. Rather, viruses as extracellular entities are generally viewed as non-metabolically active spore-like agents that await further infection events upon collision with appropriate host cells. That a virus might actively contribute to its fate via chemotaxis and change the behavior of an organism independent of infection is unprecedented.
噬藻体病毒存在于全球的水生系统中，它们感染某些真核绿藻，这些绿藻是多种原生生物和后生动物的互利共生内共生体。天然噬藻体病毒种群具有季节性动态变化，但这些种群的确切时间变化及其背后的机制迄今尚不清楚。我们最近报告了一个新的概念，即捕食者/猎物介导的病毒激活调节噬藻体病毒种群动态，在当前的研究中，我们证明了病毒包装的趋化性调节猎物行为。以前没有报道过病毒作为趋化性/趋化性吸引剂发挥作用。相反，作为细胞外实体的病毒通常被视为非代谢活性的孢子样剂，它们在与合适的宿主细胞碰撞时等待进一步的感染事件。病毒可以通过趋化作用主动影响其命运，并改变生物体的行为，而无需感染，这是前所未有的。
