Nissinen Kaija, Korkalo Liisa, Vepsäläinen Henna, Mäkiranta Päivi, Koivusilta Leena, Roos Eva, Erkkola Maijaliisa
School of Food and Agriculture, Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 412, 60101 Seinäjoki, Finland.
Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, PO Box 66, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Nutr Sci. 2018 Dec 27;7:e35. doi: 10.1017/jns.2018.26. eCollection 2018.
Validated methodological aids for food quantification are needed for the accurate estimation of food consumption. Our objective was to assess the validity of an age-specific food picture book, which contains commonly eaten foods among Finnish children, for parents and early educators in estimating food portion sizes. The food picture book was developed to assist in portion size estimation when filling in food records in the Increased health and wellbeing in preschools (DAGIS) study. All ninety-five food pictures in the book, each containing three or four different portion sizes, were evaluated at real-time sessions. Altogether, seventy-three parents and 107 early educators or early education students participated. Each participant evaluated twenty-three or twenty-four portions by comparing presented pre-weighed food portions against the corresponding picture from the food picture book. Food portions were not consumed by participants. The total proportion of correct estimations varied from 36 % (cottage cheese) to 100 % (fish fingers). Among the food groups, nearly or over 90 % of the estimations were correct for bread, pastries and main courses ('piece products' such as meatballs and chicken nuggets). Soups, porridges, salads and grated and fresh vegetables were least correctly estimated (<65 % correct estimations). There were small differences in evaluations of berries and fresh fruits, warm vegetables and pastries between the parents and early educators, but other estimations were mostly similar. The children's food picture book was found to be a useful aid for the estimation of food portion sizes. Parents and early educators evaluated the portion sizes with similar accuracy.
为准确估算食物摄入量，需要经过验证的食物量化方法辅助工具。我们的目标是评估一本按年龄划分的食物图片书的有效性，该书包含芬兰儿童常见的食物，供家长和早期教育工作者估算食物份量。这本食物图片书是为在“提高学龄前儿童健康与福祉”（DAGIS）研究中填写食物记录时协助估算份量而编写的。书中所有九十五张食物图片，每张包含三或四种不同的份量大小，在实时会议中进行了评估。共有七十三位家长和一百零七位早期教育工作者或早期教育专业学生参与。每位参与者通过将预先称重的食物份量与食物图片书中的相应图片进行比较，评估二十三或二十四个份量。参与者不食用食物份量。正确估算的总比例从36%（ cottage cheese）到100%（鱼条）不等。在食物类别中，面包、糕点和主菜（如肉丸和鸡块等“块状产品”）的估算中近90%或超过90%是正确的。汤、粥、沙拉以及磨碎的和新鲜的蔬菜估算正确率最低（<65%）。家长和早期教育工作者对浆果和新鲜水果、温热蔬菜和糕点的评估存在细微差异，但其他估算大多相似。发现儿童食物图片书是估算食物份量的有用辅助工具。家长和早期教育工作者对份量大小的评估准确性相似。
