Korsun Neli, Angelova Svetla, Trifonova Ivelina, Georgieva Irina, Voleva Silvia, Tzotcheva Iren, Mileva Sirma, Ivanov Ivan, Tcherveniakova Tatiana, Perenovska Penka
National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, National Laboratory "Influenza and ARD", 44A Stoletov Blvd, 1233, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Medical University, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Pediatric Clinic, 1 St. Georgi Sofiiski, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Braz J Microbiol. 2019 Jan;50(1):117-125. doi: 10.1007/s42770-018-0033-2. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and hospital admissions in children. This study aimed to determine the viral etiology of these infections in children aged < 5 years during three successive epidemic seasons in Bulgaria. Nasopharyngeal and throat specimens were collected from children with bronchiolitis and pneumonia during the 2015/2016, 2016/2017, and 2017/2018 seasons. The viral etiology was determined by individual real-time PCR assays against 11 respiratory viruses. Of the 515 children examined, 402 (78.1%) were positive for at least one virus. Co-infections with two and three viruses were found in 64 (15.9%) of the infected children. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the predominant pathogen (37.5%), followed by rhinoviruses (13.8%), metapneumovirus (9.1%), adenoviruses (7%), bocaviruses (7%), influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (4.9%), A(H3N2) (4.3%), type B (4.1%), and parainfluenza viruses 1/2/3 (2.9%). RSV-B were more prevalent than RSV-A during the three seasons. At least one respiratory virus was identified in 82.6% and 70.1% of the children with bronchiolitis and pneumonia, respectively. Respiratory viruses, especially RSV, are principal pathogens of ALRIs in children aged < 5 years. Diagnostic testing for respiratory viruses using molecular methods may lead to the reduced use of antibiotics and may assist in measures to control infection.
急性下呼吸道感染（ALRIs）是儿童发病和住院的主要原因。本研究旨在确定保加利亚连续三个流行季节中5岁以下儿童这些感染的病毒病因。在2015/2016、2016/2017和2017/2018季节，从患有细支气管炎和肺炎的儿童中采集鼻咽和咽喉标本。通过针对11种呼吸道病毒的个体实时PCR检测来确定病毒病因。在515名接受检查的儿童中，402名（78.1%）至少有一种病毒呈阳性。在64名（15.9%）受感染儿童中发现了两种和三种病毒的合并感染。呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是主要病原体（37.5%），其次是鼻病毒（13.8%）、偏肺病毒（9.1%）、腺病毒（7%）、博卡病毒（7%）、甲型流感病毒（H1N1）pdm09（4.9%）、甲型流感病毒（H3N2）（4.3%）、乙型流感病毒（4.1%）和副流感病毒1/群2/群3（2.9%）。在这三个季节中，RSV-B比RSV-A更普遍。在患有细支气管炎和肺炎的儿童中，分别有82.6%和70.1%的儿童至少鉴定出一种呼吸道病毒。呼吸道病毒，尤其是RSV，是5岁以下儿童ALRIs的主要病原体。使用分子方法对呼吸道病毒进行诊断检测可能会减少抗生素的使用，并有助于采取控制感染的措施。
