Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Adv Mater. 2019 Mar;31(13):e1804799. doi: 10.1002/adma.201804799. Epub 2019 Jan 13.
Replacing precious platinum with earth-abundant materials for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells has been the objective worldwide for several decades. In the last 10 years, the fastest-growing branch in this area has been carbon-based metal-free ORR electrocatalysts. Great progress has been made in promoting the performance and understanding the underlying fundamentals. Here, a comprehensive review of this field is presented by emphasizing the emerging issues including the predictive design and controllable construction of porous structures and doping configurations, mechanistic understanding from the model catalysts, integrated experimental and theoretical studies, and performance evaluation in full cells. Centering on these topics, the most up-to-date results are presented, along with remarks and perspectives for the future development of carbon-based metal-free ORR electrocatalysts.
几十年来，用储量丰富的材料替代昂贵的铂，以实现燃料电池中的氧还原反应（ORR）一直是全球的目标。在过去的 10 年中，该领域发展最快的分支是基于碳的无金属 ORR 电催化剂。在提高性能和理解基本原理方面已经取得了巨大进展。本文通过强调包括多孔结构和掺杂构型的可预测设计和可控构建、模型催化剂的机理理解、综合实验和理论研究以及全电池中的性能评估等新兴问题，对该领域进行了全面回顾。围绕这些主题，介绍了最新的研究成果，并对未来碳基无金属 ORR 电催化剂的发展提出了看法和展望。
