Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 337 Wallace Hall, 295 West Campus Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, VA, 24061, USA.
Family Nutrition Program, Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2019 Jan 14;16(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12966-019-0767-8.
Altering food store environments is a promising approach to encourage healthy product purchases by consumers to improve their diet quality and health. Food store owners and managers are intermediaries to ensure that environmental changes are enacted. Despite their role as gatekeepers to implement and sustain healthy food environment changes, no systematic review has been published that examines food store owner and manager (retailer) data. Thus a review of retailer information available within the expansive United States (US) food environment literature was the purpose of this research.
The PRISMA protocol was used. A search strategy, including published articles from years 1980-2017, was applied to six databases to locate relevant articles that addressed the perspective of food store retailers in the US. Data were extracted, organized, and agreed upon between two authors based on pre-designed constructs: (1) a social-ecological model to capture factors that influence retailer decision making; and (2) a marketing-mix and choice-architecture framework to examine perspectives of applied (or the prospective application of) strategies at the store-level. Study quality was assessed using quality criteria checklists for qualitative and quantitative research.
Thirty-one articles met inclusion criteria and most studies (n = 22) were qualitative and conducted in urban food stores (n = 23). Multiple social-ecological factors influenced retailer decision making and ability or willingness to use marketing-mix and choice-architecture strategies to improve consumers' healthy choices to support dietary quality. These factors included: conflicting training outcomes to enhance retailers' knowledge and skills (individual, n = 9); the importance of trust (interpersonal, n = 8); views about marketing-mix and choice-architecture strategies in the food environment (n = 25); consumer demand or demographics (community, n = 19); supplier and food store management variables (systems or sectors, n = 18); local and federal policy (n = 8); and support for community health (norms/values, n = 8).
Research partnerships can support favorable business and public health outcomes to align with retailers' business models and available resources. A participatory and translational approach to food environment research will likely maximize public health impact. Urban and rural food store retailers are important actors for future research to inform the feasibility of store retailers to apply MMCA strategies that are profitable and promote health.
改变食品店环境是一种很有前途的方法，可以鼓励消费者购买健康产品，从而改善他们的饮食质量和健康。食品店所有者和管理者是确保实施环境变化的中间人。尽管他们作为实施和维持健康食品环境变化的把关人，但没有系统的审查已经发表，审查食品店所有者和经理（零售商）的数据。因此，本研究旨在审查美国（美国）食品环境文献中可用的零售商信息。
使用 PRISMA 方案。应用了包括 1980 年至 2017 年出版文章的搜索策略，以查找解决美国食品店零售商观点的相关文章。根据预先设计的结构提取、组织和同意数据：（1）社会生态模型，以捕获影响零售商决策的因素；（2）营销组合和选择架构框架，以检查商店层面应用（或预期应用）策略的观点。使用定性和定量研究的质量标准检查表评估研究质量。
31 篇文章符合纳入标准，大多数研究（n=22）为定性研究，在城市食品店进行（n=23）。多个社会生态因素影响零售商的决策制定能力或意愿，以使用营销组合和选择架构策略来改善消费者的健康选择，以支持饮食质量。这些因素包括：加强零售商知识和技能的培训结果相互冲突（个人，n=9）；信任的重要性（人际，n=8）；对食品环境中营销组合和选择架构策略的看法（n=25）；消费者需求或人口统计学（社区，n=19）；供应商和食品店管理变量（系统或部门，n=18）；地方和联邦政策（n=8）；支持社区健康（规范/价值观，n=8）。
研究伙伴关系可以支持有利的商业和公共卫生成果，以符合零售商的商业模式和可用资源。以参与性和转化性的方法进行食品环境研究，可能会最大限度地提高公共卫生的影响。城市和农村食品店零售商是未来研究的重要参与者，为告知零售商应用 MMCA 策略的可行性提供信息，这些策略是有利可图的，并促进健康。
