Parabacteroides acidifaciens sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.

A polyphasic taxonomic approach was applied to characterize an anaerobic bacterial strain, 426-9, that was isolated from human faeces. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, non-pigmented and rod-shaped. Strain 426-9 grew anaerobically at 20-45 °C (optimally at 37-40 °C) and at pH 6.0-10.0 (optimally at pH 6.0-8.0). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, seven amino phospholipids and three phospholipids. The major fatty acids of strain 426-9 were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, and the predominant respiratory quinones were menaquinones MK-9 and MK-10. End-products of glucose fermentation were acetate, propionate, iso-butyrate and iso-pentanoate. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 426-9 was a member of the genus Parabacteroides. The level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of strain 426-9 to the type species of the genus, Parabacteroides distasonis ATCC 8503, was 91.0 %. Within the genus Parabacteroides, strain 426-9 was phylogenetically closely related to Parabacteroides johnsonii M-165 (96.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The draft genome of strain 426-9 comprised 5.15 Mb with a DNA G+C content of 45.9 mol%. A total of 4088 genes were predicted and, of those, 3744 were annotated. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characterization, strain 426-9 represents a novel species within the genus Parabacteroides, for which the name Parabacteroides acidifaciens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 426-9 (=CGMCC 1.13558=NBRC 113433).