在南非农村社区中，感知到的家庭教育支持与年轻女性中的 HIV 风险之间的关联（HPTN 068）：一项横断面研究。
The association between perceived household educational support and HIV risk in young women in a rural South African community (HPTN 068): A cross sectional study.
机构信息
School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2019 Jan 17;14(1):e0210632. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210632. eCollection 2019.
OBJECTIVE
To characterise perceived household support for female education and the associations between educational support and HIV prevalence, HSV-2 prevalence and sexual risk behaviours.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study used baseline survey data from the Swa Koteka HPTN 068 trial undertaken in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The study included 2533 young women aged 13-20, in grades 8-11 at baseline. HIV and HSV-2 status were determined at baseline. Information about patterns of sexual behaviour and household support for education was collected during the baseline survey. Linear regression and binary logistic regression were used to determine associations between household support for education and both biological and behavioural outcomes.
RESULTS
High levels of educational support were reported across all measures. HIV prevalence was 3.2% and HSV-2 prevalence was 4.7%, both increasing significantly with age. Over a quarter (26.6%) of young women reported vaginal sex, with 60% reporting condom use at last sex. The median age of sexual debut was 16 years. Household educational support was not significantly associated with HIV or HSV-2; however, the odds of having had vaginal sex were significantly lower in those who reported greater homework supervision (OR 0.82, 95%CI: 0.72-0.94), those who engaged in regular discussion of school marks with a caregiver (OR 0.82, 95%CI: 0.71-0.95) and when caregivers had greater educational goals for the young woman (OR 0.82, 95%CI: 0.71-0.96). In contrast, greater caregiver disappointment at dropout was significantly associated with reported vaginal sex (OR 1.29, 95%CI: 1.14-1.46).
CONCLUSION
Young women in rural South Africa report experiencing high levels of household educational support. This study suggests that greater household educational support is associated with lower odds of having vaginal sex and engaging in risky sexual behaviour, though not with HIV or HSV-2 prevalence.
目的
描述对女性教育的家庭支持的认知，并分析教育支持与艾滋病毒流行率、单纯疱疹病毒 2 流行率和性风险行为之间的关联。
方法
本横断面研究使用了南非姆普马兰加省 HPTN 068 试验的基线调查数据。研究包括 2533 名年龄在 13-20 岁、基线时处于 8-11 年级的年轻女性。在基线时确定了艾滋病毒和单纯疱疹病毒 2 的状况。在基线调查期间收集了性行为模式和家庭对教育支持的信息。线性回归和二项逻辑回归用于确定家庭对教育的支持与生物学和行为结果之间的关联。
结果
在所有措施中，都报告了高水平的教育支持。艾滋病毒流行率为 3.2%，单纯疱疹病毒 2 流行率为 4.7%，均随年龄增长显著增加。超过四分之一（26.6%）的年轻女性报告有阴道性交，其中 60%的人报告上次性行为时使用了避孕套。性初潮的中位数年龄为 16 岁。家庭教育支持与艾滋病毒或单纯疱疹病毒 2 无显著关联；然而，报告有更多家庭作业监督的人发生阴道性交的可能性显著较低（OR 0.82，95%CI：0.72-0.94），与照顾者定期讨论学校成绩的人（OR 0.82，95%CI：0.71-0.95）以及照顾者对年轻女性有更高教育目标的人（OR 0.82，95%CI：0.71-0.96）。相比之下，照顾者对辍学感到更大失望与报告的阴道性交显著相关（OR 1.29，95%CI：1.14-1.46）。
结论
南非农村的年轻女性报告说经历了高水平的家庭教育支持。这项研究表明，更多的家庭教育支持与较低的阴道性交和性行为风险的可能性相关，而与艾滋病毒或单纯疱疹病毒 2 的流行率无关。
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