Yang Guiqin, Zhang Pei, Liu Haiying, Zhu Xin, Dong Weiguo
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P. R. China.
Anim Sci J. 2019 Mar;90(3):412-422. doi: 10.1111/asj.13164. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
Spatial variations in intestinal skatole production and microbial composition in broilers were evaluated. Fifteen 42-day-old broilers were slaughtered. Samples were taken from the broilers' ileum, cecum, and rectum and analyzed for skatole levels. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technique was used to analyze the microbial community from the intestinal digesta. The skatole levels could be arranged in decreasing order: cecum > rectum > ileum. Cecal lactate and acetate levels were higher than those of ileum and rectum (p < 0.01). Cecal microbial diversity and richness were higher than those of ileum (p < 0.05). One specific DGGE band was found in cecal sample and is closely related to Bacteroides uniformis. Cecum and rectum samples consisted of three coexistence bands, the related bacteria included Lactobacillus vaginalis and two members of Candidatus Arthromitus. The total bacterial population in cecum was higher than that in ileum and rectum (p < 0.05). Skatole levels were positively correlated with microbial Shannon-Wiener index, richness, total bacteria (p < 0.01) and Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium (p < 0.05) populations. These results suggest that the variations in fermentation patterns are more likely to explain differences in intestinal skatole level. Bacteroides uniformis may play a role in the production of skatole.
对肉鸡肠道粪臭素产生和微生物组成的空间差异进行了评估。宰杀了15只42日龄的肉鸡。从肉鸡的回肠、盲肠和直肠采集样本，并分析粪臭素水平。采用变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）技术分析肠道消化物中的微生物群落。粪臭素水平可按降序排列为：盲肠＞直肠＞回肠。盲肠中的乳酸和乙酸水平高于回肠和直肠（p＜0.01）。盲肠微生物的多样性和丰富度高于回肠（p＜0.05）。在盲肠样本中发现了一条特定的DGGE条带，与均匀拟杆菌密切相关。盲肠和直肠样本由三条共存条带组成，相关细菌包括阴道乳杆菌和候选节状杆菌的两个成员。盲肠中的细菌总数高于回肠和直肠（p＜0.05）。粪臭素水平与微生物香农-维纳指数、丰富度、总细菌数（p＜0.01）以及乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数量（p＜0.05）呈正相关。这些结果表明，发酵模式的差异更有可能解释肠道粪臭素水平的差异。均匀拟杆菌可能在粪臭素的产生中起作用。
