Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK.
State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
J Integr Plant Biol. 2019 Dec;61(12):1206-1223. doi: 10.1111/jipb.12780. Epub 2019 Mar 27.
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule regulating diverse biological processes in all living organisms. A major physiological function of NO is executed via protein S-nitrosylation, a redox-based posttranslational modification by covalently adding a NO molecule to a reactive cysteine thiol of a target protein. S-nitrosylation is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism modulating multiple aspects of cellular signaling. During the past decade, significant progress has been made in functional characterization of S-nitrosylated proteins in plants. Emerging evidence indicates that protein S-nitrosylation is ubiquitously involved in the regulation of plant development and stress responses. Here we review current understanding on the regulatory mechanisms of protein S-nitrosylation in various biological processes in plants and highlight key challenges in this field.
一氧化氮（NO）是一种重要的信号分子，调节所有生物体中多样化的生物过程。NO 的一个主要生理功能是通过蛋白质 S-亚硝基化来执行，这是一种基于氧化还原的翻译后修饰，通过将一个 NO 分子共价添加到靶蛋白的一个反应性半胱氨酸巯基上来实现。S-亚硝基化是一种进化上保守的机制，调节细胞信号转导的多个方面。在过去的十年中，在植物中 S-亚硝基化蛋白质的功能特征方面取得了重大进展。新出现的证据表明，蛋白质 S-亚硝基化广泛参与植物发育和应激反应的调节。在这里，我们综述了目前对植物中各种生物过程中蛋白质 S-亚硝基化的调节机制的理解，并强调了该领域的关键挑战。
