The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK.
School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2019 Sep;44(9):965-972. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0693. Epub 2019 Jan 21.
While adaptations to a short-term training program can dampen the acute inflammatory response to exercise, less is known about the influence of chronic modality-specific adaptations to training. This study compares the acute inflammatory response to upper- and lower-body interval exercise in individuals chronically trained in these respective modalities. Ninety minutes of interval exercise matched for relative power output on an arm-crank (ARM) and cycle ergometer (LEG) was performed by 8 trained paddlers and 8 trained cyclists. Blood samples were taken before and after exercise. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations were analysed in plasma, while the expression of intracellular heat shock protein 72 (iHsp72) was assessed in monocytes. IL-6 was increased following both modalities (fold change - ARM: 7.23 ± 3.56, < 0.001; LEG: 9.03 ± 4.82, < 0.001), in both groups (cyclists, < 0.001; paddlers, < 0.001), but the increase was smaller in ARM compared with LEG (time × modality, < 0.001). ARM induced a smaller iHsp72 response compared with LEG (fold change - ARM: 1.07 ± 0.14, = 0.102; LEG: 1.18 ± 0.14, < 0.001; time × modality, = 0.039). Following ARM, iHsp72 expression was increased in the cyclists only (fold change cyclists: 1.12 ± 0.11, = 0.018; paddlers: 1.03 ± 0.17, = 0.647), while iHsp72 expression following LEG was increased in both groups (fold change cyclists: 1.14 ± 0.15, = 0.027; paddlers: 1.22 ± 0.13, < 0.001). Taken together, the acute inflammatory response to lower-body interval exercise was larger compared with work-matched upper-body interval exercise. Moreover, adaptations to upper-body exercise training dampened the iHsp72 response to this modality. Therefore, exercise may be less effective in reducing chronic low-grade inflammation in individuals relying on their upper body, such as wheelchair users.
虽然短期训练计划的适应可以抑制运动引起的急性炎症反应，但对于慢性特定模式适应训练的影响知之甚少。本研究比较了长期接受上肢和下肢间歇训练的个体对急性炎症反应。8 名有经验的划桨手和 8 名有经验的自行车手进行了 90 分钟的间歇运动，在手臂曲柄（ARM）和自行车测力计（LEG）上的相对功率输出相匹配。运动前后采集血样。分析血浆中白细胞介素 6（IL-6）浓度，同时评估单核细胞内热休克蛋白 72（iHsp72）的表达。两种模式（ARM：7.23 ± 3.56， < 0.001；LEG：9.03 ± 4.82， < 0.001），两组（自行车运动员， < 0.001；划桨运动员， < 0.001）IL-6 均增加，但与 LEG 相比，ARM 增加较小（时间×模式， < 0.001）。与 LEG 相比，ARM 诱导的 iHsp72 反应较小（ARM：1.07 ± 0.14， = 0.102；LEG：1.18 ± 0.14， < 0.001；时间×模式， = 0.039）。ARM 后，仅自行车运动员的 iHsp72 表达增加（自行车运动员：1.12 ± 0.11， = 0.018；划桨运动员：1.03 ± 0.17， = 0.647），而 LEG 后两组的 iHsp72 表达均增加（自行车运动员：1.14 ± 0.15， = 0.027；划桨运动员：1.22 ± 0.13， < 0.001）。综上所述，与匹配工作的上肢间歇运动相比，下肢间歇运动的急性炎症反应更大。此外，对上肢运动训练的适应会抑制对该模式的 iHsp72 反应。因此，对于依赖上肢的人（如轮椅使用者），运动可能对降低慢性低度炎症的效果较差。
