Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Fargo, ND, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, USA.
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Appetite. 2019 May 1;136:50-57. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.01.014. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
While binge eating is associated with both emotion regulation deficits and cognitive control impairments related to impulsivity, thus far research has not examined how dimensions of behavioral impulsivity may influence momentary relationships between affect and binge-eating episodes. The present study utilized multimodal methods to examine the extent to which individual differences in impulsive choice (i.e., delay and probabilistic discounting) and impulsive action (i.e., response inhibition) moderated momentary relationships between negative and positive affect (NA and PA) and binge eating measured in the natural environment. Participants were 30 adult women with binge-eating symptoms who completed measures of behavioral impulsivity (i.e., Monetary Choice Questionnaire, Cued Go/No-Go task, Game of Dice Task), followed by a 14-day ecological momentary assessment protocol during which they reported affect levels and binge-eating episodes. Results of generalized estimating equations indicated that greater delay discounting (i.e., preference for immediate, yet smaller rewards) strengthened momentary relationships between both PA and NA and binge eating. However, and unexpectedly, the relationship between momentary PA and binge eating was negative among individuals with greater Cued Go/No-go commission errors, suggesting that higher PA actually attenuated risk of binge episode occurring in these individuals. Together these findings highlight important distinctions between facets of behavioral impulsivity as well as their relationships with affect valence and intensity in predicting binge episodes. Specifically, temporal rather than probabilistic discounting may be most relevant to momentary processes that contribute to binge eating, and promotion of momentary positive affect may be helpful for individuals with poorer response inhibition.
虽然暴食与情绪调节缺陷和与冲动有关的认知控制损伤有关，但迄今为止，研究尚未探讨行为冲动的维度如何影响情感与暴食发作之间的瞬间关系。本研究采用多模态方法，考察冲动选择（即延迟和概率折扣）和冲动行为（即反应抑制）的个体差异在多大程度上调节了在自然环境中测量的负性和正性情绪（NA 和 PA）与暴食之间的瞬间关系。参与者是 30 名有暴食症状的成年女性，她们完成了行为冲动性测量（即货币选择问卷、线索 Go/No-Go 任务、骰子游戏任务），然后进行了为期 14 天的生态瞬间评估方案，在此期间她们报告了情绪水平和暴食发作情况。广义估计方程的结果表明，更大的延迟折扣（即更喜欢即时但较小的奖励）增强了 PA 和 NA 与暴食之间的瞬间关系。然而，出人意料的是，在 Cued Go/No-go 错误较多的个体中，瞬间 PA 与暴食之间的关系呈负相关，这表明较高的 PA 实际上降低了这些个体发生暴食发作的风险。这些发现共同强调了行为冲动性的各个方面之间的重要区别，以及它们在预测暴食发作时与情绪效价和强度的关系。具体来说，与促进瞬间积极情绪相比，时间而非概率折扣可能与导致暴食的瞬间过程最相关，而促进瞬间积极情绪可能对反应抑制较差的个体有帮助。
