1Centre for Public Health,Queen's University,BelfastBT12 6BJ,UK.
2School of Social and Community Medicine,University of Bristol,Canynge Hall,BristolBS8 2PS,UK.
Br J Nutr. 2019 Apr;121(8):877-886. doi: 10.1017/S0007114519000175. Epub 2019 Jan 23.
The association between dietary patterns (DP) and prevalence of hearing loss in men enrolled in the Caerphilly Prospective Study was investigated. During 1979-1983, the study recruited 2512 men aged 45-59 years. At baseline, dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ, and a 7-d weighed food intake (WI) in a 30 % subsample. Five years later, pure-tone unaided audiometric threshold was assessed at 0·5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified three DP and multiple logistic and ordinal logistic regression models examined the association with hearing loss (defined as pure-tone average of frequencies 0·5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz >25 dB). Traditional, healthy and high-sugar/low-alcohol DP were found with both FFQ and WI data. With the FFQ data, fully adjusted models demonstrated significant inverse association between the healthy DP and hearing loss both as a dichotomous variable (OR=0·83; 95 % CI 0·77, 0·90; P<0·001) and as an ordinal variable (OR=0·87; 95 % CI 0·81, 0·94; P<0·001). With the WI data, fully adjusted models showed a significant and inverse association between the healthy DP and hearing loss (OR=0·85; 95 % CI 0·73, 0·99; P<0·03), and a significant association between the traditional DP (per fifth increase) and hearing loss both as a dichotomous variable (OR=1·18; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·35; P=0·02) and as an ordinal variable (OR=1·17; 95 % CI 1·03, 1·33; P=0·02). A healthy DP was significantly and inversely associated with hearing loss in older men. The role of diet in age-related hearing loss warrants further investigation.
研究了饮食模式（DP）与参加卡菲利前瞻性研究的男性听力损失患病率之间的关系。1979-1983 年期间，该研究招募了 2512 名 45-59 岁的男性。在基线时，使用半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）收集饮食数据，并在 30%的亚样本中进行了 7 天的称重食物摄入量（WI）。五年后，在 0.5、1、2 和 4 kHz 处评估纯音未辅助听阈。主成分分析（PCA）确定了三种 DP，多逻辑回归和有序逻辑回归模型检查了与听力损失的关系（定义为 0.5、1、2 和 4 kHz 的纯音平均听力阈值 >25 dB）。使用 FFQ 和 WI 数据均发现了传统、健康和高糖/低糖/低酒精 DP。使用 FFQ 数据，完全调整的模型显示，健康 DP 与听力损失之间存在显著的反比关系，无论是作为二分类变量（OR=0.83；95%CI 0.77，0.90；P<0.001）还是有序变量（OR=0.87；95%CI 0.81，0.94；P<0.001）。使用 WI 数据，完全调整的模型显示，健康 DP 与听力损失之间存在显著的反比关系（OR=0.85；95%CI 0.73，0.99；P<0.03），传统 DP（每增加五分之一）与听力损失之间存在显著的关联，无论是作为二分类变量（OR=1.18；95%CI 1.02，1.35；P=0.02）还是有序变量（OR=1.17；95%CI 1.03，1.33；P=0.02）。健康 DP 与老年男性听力损失呈显著负相关。饮食在与年龄相关的听力损失中的作用值得进一步研究。
