Zürcher Kathrin, Zwahlen Marcel, Berlin Claudia, Egger Matthias, Fenner Lukas
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland / Gesundheitsamt, Kanton Solothurn, Switzerland.
Swiss Med Wkly. 2019 Jan 23;149:w14705. doi: 10.4414/smw.2019.14705. eCollection 2019 Jan 14.
We studied time trends in seasonal influenza vaccination and assessed associations with socioeconomic and health-related determinants in Switzerland (overall and people aged ≥65 years).
We used data from the Swiss Health Surveys of 2007 and 2012. We calculated the proportion of the population (overall and those ≥65 years old) reporting influenza vaccination in the last 12 months, and performed multivariate logistic regression analyses, presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs).
The average overall frequency of people reporting having been vaccinated for influenza in the previous 12 months was 15.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 14.7–15.7); frequency decreased from 16.4% in 2007 to 14.1% in 2012 (p <0.001). In elderly people (≥65 years) the frequency declined from 47.8 to 38.5% (p <0.001). The decline was more pronounced in both the 15 to 19 age group (aOR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–1.0) and those 65 to 75 years old (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5–0.7), and in those with less education (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.7). Pregnant women had the lowest frequency for influenza vaccination (2.3%, 95% CI 0.6–7.9), but the frequency increased between 2007 and 2012 (aOR 4.5, 95% CI 1.0–20.5). Influenza vaccination in the last 12 months was positively associated with the ≥65 age group, living in French-speaking and urban areas, history of smoking, bad self-reported health status, health insurance for private/semiprivate hospital stays and working in healthcare professions.
Influenza vaccination coverage was low overall and declined over time. To increase influenza vaccine uptake and reach the European target of 75% in people aged ≥65 years, more efforts should be put into novel intervention approaches.
我们研究了瑞士季节性流感疫苗接种的时间趋势，并评估了其与社会经济及健康相关决定因素之间的关联（总体人群以及年龄≥65岁的人群）。
我们使用了2007年和2012年瑞士健康调查的数据。我们计算了在过去12个月内报告接种流感疫苗的人群比例（总体人群以及年龄≥65岁的人群），并进行了多因素逻辑回归分析，结果以调整后的优势比（aOR）表示。
在过去12个月内报告接种过流感疫苗的人群的平均总体频率为15.2%（95%置信区间[CI] 14.7–15.7）；频率从2007年的16.4%降至2012年的14.1%（p<0.001）。在老年人（≥65岁）中，频率从47.8%降至38.5%（p<0.001）。在15至19岁年龄组（aOR 0.5，95% CI 0.3–1.0）和65至75岁年龄组（aOR 0.6，95% CI 0.5–0.7）以及受教育程度较低的人群中（aOR 0.6，95% CI 0.4–0.7）下降更为明显。孕妇的流感疫苗接种频率最低（2.3%，95% CI 0.6–7.9），但在2007年至2012年期间频率有所上升（aOR 4.5，95% CI 1.0–20.5）。过去12个月内接种流感疫苗与年龄≥65岁的人群、居住在法语区和城市地区、吸烟史、自我报告的健康状况不佳、有私立/半私立医院住院医疗保险以及从事医疗保健职业呈正相关。
总体而言，流感疫苗接种覆盖率较低且随时间下降。为了提高流感疫苗接种率并达到欧洲设定的65岁及以上人群75%的目标，应加大对新型干预措施的投入。
