Ganczak Maria, Gil Karolina, Korzeń Marcin, Bażydło Marta
Department of Epidemiology and Management, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
Students' Scientific Association, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Jun 20;14(6):665. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14060665.
The seasonal influenza vaccination uptake of the elderly in Poland is one of the lowest in Europe. : to assess the vaccination coverage and influencing determinants in patients ≥65 years of age.
A cross-sectional study was conducted (November 2015-April 2016) among consecutive patients admitted to a municipal hospital located in the city of Szczecin, North-west Poland. Patients completed researcher-administered, anonymous questionnaires on socio- demographic data/factors related to the vaccination. : The response rate: 92.0%. Among 230 patients (79.6% women, median of age 69 years, range 65-89) who agreed to participate, 34.8% (95% Confidence Interval: 28.6-41.0%) were vaccinated. About 15.7% of respondents had not previously heard about the vaccination; 41.3% of those who stated they were vaccinated or planned on being vaccinated the following year, compared to 19.3% of respondents who stated they were not currently vaccinated ( < 0.001). A multivariable regression analysis revealed that patient factors, such as younger age (Odds Ratio, OR = 7.69), living in the urban area (OR = 7.69), having comorbidities (OR = 2.70), having a vaccinated family member (OR = 3.57), and being informed about vaccination (OR = 5.00) were each associated with greater odds of being immunized. Willingness for vaccination the next year was strongly associated (OR = 8.59) with vaccination status. : The influenza vaccination uptake in the elderly population in Poland is disturbingly low. Improved education strategies are needed to increase the uptake. Vaccinated respondents are more likely to plan on being vaccinated the following year. Future interventions related to maximizing vaccination coverage should be more tailored, focusing especially on older patients living in rural areas.
波兰老年人季节性流感疫苗接种率在欧洲处于最低水平之一。目的：评估65岁及以上患者的疫苗接种覆盖率及影响因素。
于2015年11月至2016年4月在波兰西北部什切青市一家市立医院连续收治的患者中开展了一项横断面研究。患者完成了由研究人员管理的关于社会人口统计学数据/与疫苗接种相关因素的匿名问卷。应答率为92.0%。在同意参与的230名患者（79.6%为女性，年龄中位数为69岁，范围为65 - 89岁）中，34.8%（95%置信区间：28.6 - 41.0%）接种了疫苗。约15.7%的受访者此前从未听说过疫苗接种；表示已接种或计划次年接种的受访者占41.3%，而表示目前未接种的受访者占19.3%（P<0.001）。多变量回归分析显示，患者因素，如年龄较小（比值比，OR = 7.69）、居住在城市地区（OR = 7.69）、患有合并症（OR = 2.70）、有接种疫苗的家庭成员（OR = 3.57）以及了解疫苗接种信息（OR = 5.00），均与更高的免疫接种几率相关。次年接种意愿与疫苗接种状态密切相关（OR = 8.59）。结论：波兰老年人群的流感疫苗接种率低得令人担忧。需要改进教育策略以提高接种率。接种疫苗的受访者更有可能计划次年接种。未来与最大限度提高疫苗接种覆盖率相关的干预措施应更具针对性，尤其关注居住在农村地区的老年患者。
