Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Department of Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York City, New York.
Birth Defects Res. 2019 Jul 15;111(12):822-828. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.1465. Epub 2019 Jan 24.
The teratogenic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) have been extensively documented over the course of 45 years of research and psychiatric problems are pervasive in this population. In adults with PAE, suicidal risk is high but less is known about the suicidal risk in adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). This study describes the prevalence of suicidal ideation and serious suicide attempts in a sample of 54 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 years with FASD.
Adolescents were diagnosed with FASD using the Updated Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. The Children's Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes was used to identify those adolescents who experienced suicidal ideation and/or who had made a serious suicide attempt in the last 12 months.
The prevalence of suicidal behaviors in this sample was high with 35.2% of teens reporting incidences of suicidal ideation and 13.0% reporting at least one serious suicide attempt in the past year. This finding is in contrast to the 17.2% and 2.4% for ideation and serious attempts, respectively, reported in the general U.S. adolescent population. Alarmingly, 29.2% of males with FASD reported a serious suicide attempt which was 19½ times higher than national norms for males. No females reported attempts. Number of home placements and the presence of a depressive disorder contributed to study outcomes.
Findings demonstrate the significant risk for suicidality in this population, particularly adolescent males, and the need to assess and treat this life threatening behavior.
产前酒精暴露 (PAE) 的致畸作用在 45 年的研究中得到了广泛证实，该人群普遍存在精神问题。在有 PAE 的成年人中，自杀风险很高，但对于胎儿酒精谱系障碍 (FASD) 青少年的自杀风险知之甚少。本研究描述了在一个年龄在 13 至 18 岁之间的 54 名 FASD 青少年样本中，自杀意念和严重自杀企图的发生率。
使用更新的临床指南诊断胎儿酒精谱系障碍，对青少年进行 FASD 诊断。使用儿童精神病综合征访谈来识别在过去 12 个月中经历过自杀意念和/或有过严重自杀企图的青少年。
该样本中自杀行为的发生率很高，35.2%的青少年报告有自杀意念，13.0%的青少年在过去一年中有过至少一次严重自杀企图。这一发现与美国一般青少年人群中分别为 17.2%和 2.4%的意念和严重企图发生率形成对比。令人震惊的是，29.2%的 FASD 男性报告有严重自杀企图，这一比例比男性的全国正常水平高 19 倍半。没有女性报告过企图。家庭安置次数和抑郁障碍的存在与研究结果有关。
研究结果表明，该人群，特别是青少年男性，自杀风险很高，需要评估和治疗这种危及生命的行为。
