Marine Biomedical and Biotechnology Research, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA.
Mar Drugs. 2019 Jan 23;17(2):76. doi: 10.3390/md17020076.
Our understanding of cell death used to consist in necrosis, an unregulated form, and apoptosis, regulated cell death. That understanding expanded to acknowledge that apoptosis happens through the intrinsic or extrinsic pathways. Actually, many other regulated cell death processes exist, including necroptosis, a regulated form of necrosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death. We also understand that apoptosis occurs beyond the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways with caspase independent forms of apoptosis existing. Our knowledge of the signaling continues to grow, and with that, so does our ability to target different parts of the pathways with small molecules. Marine natural products co-evolve with their targets, and these unique molecules have complex structures with exquisite biological activities and specificities. This article offers a review of our current understanding of the signaling pathways regulating cell death, and highlights marine natural products that can affect these signaling pathways.
我们对细胞死亡的理解过去包括不受调节的坏死形式和受调节的细胞凋亡。这种理解扩展到承认凋亡通过内在或外在途径发生。实际上，还存在许多其他受调节的细胞死亡过程，包括坏死的调节形式坏死性凋亡和自噬依赖性细胞死亡。我们还了解到，凋亡不仅存在于内在和外在途径中，还存在 caspase 非依赖性凋亡形式。我们对信号的认识不断发展，因此我们用小分子靶向不同途径的能力也在不断提高。海洋天然产物与它们的靶标共同进化，这些独特的分子具有复杂的结构、精细的生物活性和特异性。本文综述了我们对调节细胞死亡的信号通路的现有认识，并强调了能够影响这些信号通路的海洋天然产物。
