Laboratory of Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Nutrients. 2019 Jan 24;11(2):257. doi: 10.3390/nu11020257.
Hop plants comprise a variety of natural compounds greatly differing in their structure and properties. A wide range of methods have been developed for their isolation and chemical analysis, as well as for determining their antioxidative, antimicrobial, and antigenotoxic potentials. This contribution provides an overview of extraction and fractionation techniques of the most important hop compounds known for their health-promoting features. Although hops remain the principal ingredient for providing the taste, stability, and antimicrobial protection of beer, they have found applications in the pharmaceutical and other food industries as well. This review focuses on numerous health-promoting effects of hops raging from antioxidative, sedative, and anti-inflammatory potentials, over anticarcinogenic features to estrogenic activity. Therefore, hops should be exploited for the prevention and even healing of several prevalent diseases like cardiovascular disorders and various cancer types. New ideas for future studies on hops are finally presented: computational investigations of chemical reactivities of hop compounds, nanoencapsulation, and synergistic effects leading to a higher bioavailability of biologically active substances as well as the application of waste hop biomass from breweries for the production of high-added-value products in accordance with the biorefinery concept.
啤酒花植物包含多种在结构和性质上差异很大的天然化合物。已经开发出了广泛的方法来对它们进行分离和化学分析，以及确定它们的抗氧化、抗菌和抗原毒性潜力。本综述概述了最重要的啤酒花化合物的提取和分级技术，这些化合物因其具有促进健康的特性而广为人知。尽管啤酒花仍然是为啤酒提供口感、稳定性和抗菌保护的主要成分，但它们在制药和其他食品工业中也有应用。本综述重点介绍了啤酒花的许多促进健康的作用，从抗氧化、镇静和抗炎作用，到抗癌作用，再到雌激素活性。因此，啤酒花应该被用于预防甚至治愈几种常见疾病，如心血管疾病和各种癌症类型。最后提出了关于啤酒花的未来研究的新想法：啤酒花化合物的化学反应性的计算研究、纳米封装以及协同作用，这些作用导致生物活性物质的生物利用度更高，以及根据生物精炼厂的概念，利用啤酒厂的废啤酒花生物质生产高附加值产品。
