Technical University of Denmark, National Veterinary Institute, Kemitorvet, Building 204, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark.
University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Grønnegårdsvej 8, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jan 24;9(1):691. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37075-8.
There has been a rapid increase in Danish pig herds testing positive for livestock-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) since the first screening in 2008. Despite a national action plan to control LA-MRSA in the Danish pig population, 88% of pig herds tested positive in a 2016 cross-sectional study of 57 herds. The national action plan was initiated in April 2015 and aimed to reduce the spread of LA-MRSA among pig herds. However, its success is uncertain. We used a simulation model mimicking the spread of LA-MRSA among pig herds between 2006 and 2015 to evaluate the impact of control strategies if these had these been implemented in 2007 or 2010. The strategies were combinations of the following control measures: (1) a reduced number of herds using high-risk antibiotics, (2) a reduced probability of indirect transmission among herds via humans, (3) movement restrictions, and (4) voluntary eradication in 5-7.5% of the herds. Almost all tested control strategies simulated a reduction in the spread of LA-MRSA. The combination of two, three or four intervention strategies showed additive effects and led to larger reductions in the predicted herd prevalence. In addition, the prevalence of LA-MRSA-positive herds at the time when control measures were initiated influenced the effects of the control strategies. Combining the simulated control measures can be considered in future action plans to control LA-MRSA.
自 2008 年首次筛查以来，丹麦猪群中检测出耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（LA-MRSA）的数量迅速增加。尽管丹麦制定了一项国家行动计划来控制丹麦猪群中的 LA-MRSA，但在 2016 年对 57 个猪群进行的横断面研究中，88%的猪群呈阳性。国家行动计划于 2015 年 4 月启动，旨在减少 LA-MRSA 在猪群中的传播。然而，其成功与否尚不确定。我们使用模拟模型模拟了 2006 年至 2015 年期间 LA-MRSA 在猪群中的传播，以评估如果在 2007 年或 2010 年实施这些控制策略的影响。这些策略是以下控制措施的组合：（1）减少使用高风险抗生素的猪群数量，（2）降低人类在猪群之间间接传播的可能性，（3）限制猪只移动，以及（4）在 5-7.5%的猪群中自愿根除。几乎所有测试的控制策略都模拟了 LA-MRSA 传播的减少。两种、三种或四种干预策略的组合显示出累加效应，导致预测的猪群患病率更大幅度降低。此外，控制措施启动时 LA-MRSA 阳性猪群的流行率影响了控制策略的效果。未来的行动计划可以考虑结合模拟的控制措施来控制 LA-MRSA。
