Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1125:57-68. doi: 10.1007/5584_2018_316.
The dramatic increase in food allergy prevalence and severity globally is demanding effective strategies. Food allergy derives from a defect in immune tolerance mechanisms. Immune tolerance is modulated by gut microbiota composition and function, and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with the development of food allergy. Selected probiotic strains could act on immune tolerance mechanisms. The mechanisms are multiple and still not completely defined. Increasing evidence is providing useful information on the choice of optimal bacterial species/strains, dosage, and timing for intervention. The increased knowledge on the crucial role played by gut microbiota-derived metabolites, such as butyrate, is also opening the way to a post-biotic approach in the stimulation of immune tolerance.
全球范围内食物过敏的患病率和严重程度显著增加，这需要有效的应对策略。食物过敏源于免疫耐受机制缺陷。免疫耐受受肠道微生物群落组成和功能的调节，肠道微生物群落失调与食物过敏的发展有关。某些益生菌菌株可能作用于免疫耐受机制，其机制多样，目前尚未完全明确。越来越多的证据为选择最佳细菌种类/菌株、剂量和干预时机提供了有用信息。肠道微生物衍生代谢物（如丁酸）的关键作用也越来越受到重视，这为刺激免疫耐受的后生元方法开辟了道路。
