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肠道微生物组作为对抗食物过敏的创新策略的靶点。

Gut Microbiome as Target for Innovative Strategies Against Food Allergy.

机构信息

Department of Translational Medical Science - Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.

European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2019 Feb 15;10:191. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00191. eCollection 2019.

DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00191
PMID:30828329
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6384262/
Abstract

The dramatic increase in food allergy prevalence and severity globally requires effective strategies. Food allergy derives from a defect in immune tolerance mechanisms. Immune tolerance is modulated by gut microbiota function and structure, and microbiome alterations (dysbiosis) have a pivotal role in the development of food allergy. Environmental factors, including a low-fiber/high-fat diet, cesarean delivery, antiseptic agents, lack of breastfeeding, and drugs can induce gut microbiome dysbiosis, and have been associated with food allergy. New experimental tools and technologies have provided information regarding the role of metabolites generated from dietary nutrients and selected probiotic strains that could act on immune tolerance mechanisms. The mechanisms are multiple and still not completely defined. Increasing evidence has provided useful information on optimal bacterial species/strains, dosage, and timing for intervention. The increased knowledge of the crucial role played by nutrients and gut microbiota-derived metabolites is opening the way to a post-biotic approach in the stimulation of immune tolerance through epigenetic regulation. This review focused on the potential role of gut microbiome as the target for innovative strategies against food allergy.

摘要

全球范围内食物过敏的患病率和严重程度显著增加，这需要有效的应对策略。食物过敏源于免疫耐受机制的缺陷。肠道微生物群的功能和结构调节免疫耐受，微生物组的改变（失调）在食物过敏的发展中起着关键作用。环境因素，包括低纤维/高脂肪饮食、剖宫产、抗菌剂、缺乏母乳喂养和药物，会导致肠道微生物组失调，并与食物过敏有关。新的实验工具和技术提供了有关饮食营养素和选定益生菌菌株产生的代谢物在免疫耐受机制中作用的信息。其机制是多样的，尚未完全确定。越来越多的证据为干预的最佳细菌种类/菌株、剂量和时间提供了有用的信息。对营养物质和肠道微生物群衍生代谢物所起的关键作用的认识不断加深，为通过表观遗传调控刺激免疫耐受的后生元方法开辟了道路。本综述重点介绍了肠道微生物群作为针对食物过敏的创新策略的靶标的潜在作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7505/6384262/b1325b3b0324/fimmu-10-00191-g0004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7505/6384262/d881f8dc75ee/fimmu-10-00191-g0001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7505/6384262/c644fff6829d/fimmu-10-00191-g0002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7505/6384262/cdfcf3ee8261/fimmu-10-00191-g0003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7505/6384262/b1325b3b0324/fimmu-10-00191-g0004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7505/6384262/d881f8dc75ee/fimmu-10-00191-g0001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7505/6384262/c644fff6829d/fimmu-10-00191-g0002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7505/6384262/cdfcf3ee8261/fimmu-10-00191-g0003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7505/6384262/b1325b3b0324/fimmu-10-00191-g0004.jpg

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