1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
2 Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, "Aghia Sophia" Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Angiology. 2019 Sep;70(8):690-700. doi: 10.1177/0003319718822625. Epub 2019 Jan 29.
Molecules that govern bone metabolism, such as osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteopontin (OPN), have been isolated from other tissues, including blood vessels. Atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD) are leading causes of mortality worldwide. Despite novel biochemical and imaging techniques, early detection of CAD is still unsatisfactory. Experimental data indicate that bone turnover markers (BTMs) contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. This finding has sparked interest in their clinical use. This narrative review analyzed information from >50 human studies, which strongly suggest that OPG, OPN, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) serum concentrations are altered in patients with CAD. Osteoprotegerin seems to be more useful for the detection of early disease, while OPN and ALP are recruited in vessels after the establishment of disease. Osteocalcin may be used as a flow cytometry marker for endothelial progenitor cells and can constitute a marker to monitor response to interventional treatments and risk of restenosis. However, most data derive from observational studies. Incorporation of BTMs in multifactorial computational algorithms could further determine their role in CAD diagnosis and prognosis together with other imaging techniques and biochemical markers.
从包括血管在内的其他组织中分离出了调节骨代谢的分子，如护骨素（OPG）和骨桥蛋白（OPN）。动脉粥样硬化和冠心病（CAD）是全球主要的死亡原因。尽管有新的生化和成像技术，但 CAD 的早期检测仍不尽如人意。实验数据表明，骨转换标志物（BTMs）有助于动脉粥样硬化的发展。这一发现引起了人们对其临床应用的兴趣。这篇叙述性综述分析了来自>50 项人类研究的信息，这些研究强烈表明，在 CAD 患者中，OPG、OPN 和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）的血清浓度发生了改变。OPG 似乎更有助于早期疾病的检测，而 OPN 和 ALP 在疾病发生后被招募到血管中。骨钙素可用作内皮祖细胞的流式细胞术标志物，可作为监测对介入治疗反应和再狭窄风险的标志物。然而，大多数数据来自观察性研究。将 BTMs 纳入多因素计算算法中，可能会进一步确定它们在 CAD 诊断和预后中的作用，与其他成像技术和生化标志物一起。
