Borba Anna Karla de Oliveira Tito, Arruda Ilma Kruze Grande, Marques Ana Paula de Oliveira, Leal Márcia Carréra Campos, Diniz Alcides da Silva
Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Campus Universitário, Cidade Universitária. 50670-901 Recife PE Brasil.
Departamento de Nutrição, UFPE. Recife PE Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2019 Jan;24(1):125-136. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232018241.35052016.
This study aimed to assess the knowledge about diabetes, the attitude for self-care and associated factors through a cross-sectional study, the baseline of a randomized clinical trial with elderly diabetic in primary health care in Recife, Northeastern Brazil. We used the Diabetes Knowledge Scale (DKN-A) and Diabetes Attitudes Questionnaire (ATT-19). Of the 202 elderly, 77.7% had insufficient knowledge of the disease, especially for ketonuria, food replacement and were unaware of the causes and care of hypoglycemia. As for attitude, 85.6% had a negative psychological adjustment for diabetes. The logistic regression model showed that living alone was a protective factor (OR = 0.24; 95% CI 0.09-0.65; OR = 0.22; 95% CI 0.07 to 0.71), and low education, a risk factor (OR = 7.78; 95% CI 3.36-18.01; OR = 13.05; 95% CI 4.63-36.82) for the insufficient knowledge and the negative attitude for self-care, respectively. The findings reinforce the need for interdisciplinary educational actions that include socioeconomic, psycho-emotional and educational aspects in diabetes management to maintain elderly autonomy and functionality.
本研究旨在通过一项横断面研究评估糖尿病相关知识、自我护理态度及相关因素，该横断面研究是巴西东北部累西腓初级卫生保健中针对老年糖尿病患者的一项随机临床试验的基线研究。我们使用了糖尿病知识量表（DKN-A）和糖尿病态度问卷（ATT-19）。在202名老年人中，77.7%对该疾病的了解不足，尤其是对酮尿症、食物替代方面，并且对低血糖的病因和护理也不了解。至于态度方面，85.6%对糖尿病有消极的心理调适。逻辑回归模型显示，独居是一个保护因素（OR = 0.24；95% CI 0.09 - 0.65；OR = 0.22；95% CI 0.07至0.71），而低教育水平分别是知识不足和自我护理消极态度的一个风险因素（OR = 7.78；95% CI 3.36 - 18.01；OR = 13.05；95% CI 4.63 - 36.82）。研究结果强化了开展跨学科教育行动的必要性，这些行动应在糖尿病管理中纳入社会经济、心理情感和教育等方面，以维持老年人的自主性和功能。
