Pyysalo Mikko J, Mishra Pashupati P, Sundström Kati, Lehtimäki Terho, Karhunen Pekka J, Pessi Tanja
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial diseases, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
PeerJ. 2019 Jan 25;7:e6316. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6316. eCollection 2019.
The objective of this study was to investigate the association of tooth brushing frequency and bacterial communities of gingival crevicular fluid in patients subjected to preoperative dental examination prior to operative treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms.
Gingival crevicular fluid samples were taken from their deepest gingival pocket from a series of hospitalized neurosurgical patients undergoing preoperative dental screening ( = 60). The patients were asked whether they brushed their teeth two times a day, once a day, or less than every day. Total bacterial DNA was isolated and the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplificated. Sequencing was performed with Illumina's 16S metagenomic sequencing library preparation protocol and data were analyzed with QIIME (1.9.1) and R statistical software (3.3.2).
Bacterial diversity (Chao1 index) in the crevicular fluid reduced along with reported tooth brushing frequency ( = 0.0002; 2 = 34%; (adjusted with age and sex) = 0.09; 2 = 11%) showing that patients who reported brushing their teeth twice a day had the lowest bacterial diversity. According to the differential abundant analysis between the tooth brushing groups, tooth brushing associated with two phyla of fusobacteria [ = 0.0001; = 0.0007], and one bacteroidetes ( = 0.004) by reducing their amounts.
Tooth brushing may reduce the gingival bacterial diversity and the abundance of periodontal bacteria maintaining oral health and preventing periodontitis, and thus it is highly recommended for neurosurgical patients.
本研究旨在调查未破裂颅内动脉瘤手术治疗前接受术前牙科检查的患者刷牙频率与龈沟液细菌群落之间的关联。
从一系列接受术前牙科筛查的住院神经外科患者（n = 60）最深的龈沟中采集龈沟液样本。询问患者刷牙频率是一天两次、一天一次还是少于每天一次。分离总细菌DNA，并扩增16S rRNA基因的V3-V4区域。采用Illumina的16S宏基因组测序文库制备方案进行测序，并用QIIME（1.9.1）和R统计软件（3.3.2）分析数据。
龈沟液中的细菌多样性（Chao1指数）随着报告的刷牙频率降低而降低（P = 0.0002；R² = 34%；调整年龄和性别后P = 0.09；R² = 11%），表明报告每天刷牙两次的患者细菌多样性最低。根据刷牙组之间的差异丰度分析，刷牙通过减少梭杆菌的两个门（P = 0.0001；q = 0.0007）和一个拟杆菌门（P = 0.004）的数量。
刷牙可能会降低牙龈细菌多样性和牙周细菌丰度，维护口腔健康并预防牙周炎，因此强烈建议神经外科患者刷牙。
