Pestana Jose V, Codina Nuria
Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Euncet Business School, Terrassa, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2019 Jan 17;9:2787. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02787. eCollection 2018.
From the disciplinary field of the science of heroism, there is a need to deepen the processes that this science comprises, and at the same time, to test methods of inquiry to account for the variety of processes associated with this science. Linked to this sensitivity, the objective of this contribution is to jointly analyze, in a sample of future CEOs, what they imagine about heroism, their psychological types, and their values orientation. The sample consisted of 45 students (21 men and 24 women) between 22 and 47 years old ( = 26.69, = 4.47), who were part of a master's program oriented toward training future CEOs to be leaders. The analytical instruments were the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), a story that each participant developed about him/herself as the main hero or heroine, and a questionnaire on personal values. In the psychological types observed, the functions of thinking and sensing predominated, with intuition and feeling residing at a lower level of consciousness. With regard to the stories, the majority of the sample offered tales in which the hero/heroine was confronted with a mystery to solve (or mission to fulfill), faced difficulties, and, finally, achieved harmony between the personal and the collective. Regarding the values, significant associations are observed between the gender, the characteristics of the psychological types, and the content of the story about their own hero / heroine. In sum, the research carried out offers an empirical approach to the study of the subjective elements of heroism, combining quantitative and qualitative aspects in an educational setting, and broadening the perspectives on the science of heroism.
在英雄主义科学的学科领域中,有必要深化该科学所包含的过程,同时,检验探究方法,以解释与该科学相关的各种过程。与此敏感性相关,本论文的目的是在未来首席执行官的样本中,共同分析他们对英雄主义的想象、他们的心理类型以及他们的价值取向。样本由45名年龄在22岁至47岁之间(平均年龄=26.69岁,标准差=4.47)的学生组成(21名男性和24名女性),他们是一个旨在培养未来首席执行官成为领导者的硕士项目的一部分。分析工具包括迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标(MBTI)、每个参与者编写的关于自己作为主要英雄或女英雄的故事,以及一份关于个人价值观的问卷。在所观察到的心理类型中,思维和感知功能占主导地位,直觉和情感处于较低的意识水平。关于这些故事,样本中的大多数人讲述的故事中,英雄/女英雄面临着一个需要解决的谜团(或需要完成的使命),遇到困难,最后在个人与集体之间实现了和谐。关于价值观,在性别、心理类型特征以及关于他们自己的英雄/女英雄的故事内容之间观察到了显著的关联。总之,所开展的研究提供了一种实证方法来研究英雄主义的主观因素,在教育环境中结合了定量和定性方面,并拓宽了英雄主义科学的视角。