Angen Øystein, Skade Lotte, Urth Tinna Ravnholt, Andersson Mikael, Bækbo Poul, Larsen Anders Rhod
Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
SEGES Danish Pig Research Centre, Kjellerup, Denmark.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Jan 17;9:3361. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03361. eCollection 2018.
The aim of the investigation was to determine the protective effect of wearing dust masks to prevent Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) contamination during a short-term visit in a MRSA-positive swine farm. A total of 118 human volunteers were randomly allocated to a group wearing masks and to the control group. On average, 9% of the participants wearing masks were MRSA-positive when leaving the farm compared to 62% of the participants not wearing masks. At day 1, 2, and 7 after the farm visit, none of those wearing masks were MRSA-positive. An odds ratio of 18.9 (CI: 6.4-56.2) for being MRSA-positive was found for those not wearing masks compared to those wearing masks when including the farm as random effect. None of the covariates (gender, age, and smoking) influenced the OR for being MRSA-positive when leaving the farm. This study shows that the use of dust masks gives a significant protection against nasal MRSA contamination after a short-term visit to a swine farm. In addition, 106 volunteers not wearing masks were investigated in order to provide an estimate of a contamination dose of airborne MRSA. Due to the high variation in the MRSA measurements, it was not possible to establish a stable estimate for this. Out of the 106 volunteers not wearing masks, 6, 7, and 3% tested MRSA-positive 1, 2, and 7 days after the farm visit, respectively.
本调查的目的是确定在耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）呈阳性的养猪场进行短期访问期间，佩戴防尘口罩对预防MRSA污染的保护作用。共有118名人类志愿者被随机分配到戴口罩组和对照组。离开农场时，平均有9%戴口罩的参与者MRSA呈阳性，而未戴口罩的参与者这一比例为62%。在农场访问后的第1天、第2天和第7天，戴口罩的人中没有一个MRSA呈阳性。将农场作为随机效应纳入分析时，未戴口罩者与戴口罩者相比，MRSA呈阳性的优势比为18.9（CI：6.4 - 56.2）。离开农场时，没有任何协变量（性别、年龄和吸烟情况）影响MRSA呈阳性的优势比。本研究表明，在短期访问养猪场后，使用防尘口罩能显著预防鼻腔MRSA污染。此外，对106名未戴口罩的志愿者进行了调查，以估计空气中MRSA的污染剂量。由于MRSA测量结果差异很大，无法对此建立稳定的估计值。在106名未戴口罩的志愿者中，农场访问后第1天、第2天和第7天分别有6%、7%和3%的人MRSA检测呈阳性。
