Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
Consorzio Interuniversitario "Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi", c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2019 Jul;411(19):4425-4444. doi: 10.1007/s00216-019-01621-8. Epub 2019 Feb 2.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) present several features that make them more difficult to analyze than DNA and RNA. For this reason, efforts have been made in recent years to develop innovative platforms for the efficient detection of microRNAs. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the sensing strategies able to deal with drawbacks and pitfalls related to microRNA detection. With a critical perspective of the field, we identify the main challenges to be overcome in microRNA sensing, and describe the areas where several innovative approaches are likely to come for managing those issues that put limits on improvement to the performances of the current methods. Then, in the following sections, we critically discuss the contribution of the most promising approaches based on the peculiar properties of nanomaterials or nanostructures and other hybrid strategies which are envisaged to support the adoption of these new methods useful for the detection of miRNA as biomarkers of practical clinical utility. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
微 RNA（miRNA）具有多个特征，使其比 DNA 和 RNA 更难以分析。出于这个原因，近年来人们致力于开发创新的平台来有效检测 microRNA。本综述的目的是提供一种能够处理与 microRNA 检测相关的缺点和陷阱的传感策略概述。我们从该领域的批判性角度出发，确定了在 microRNA 传感中需要克服的主要挑战，并描述了在多个创新方法可能出现的领域，以应对当前方法的性能提高所受到的限制。然后，在接下来的几节中，我们根据纳米材料或纳米结构的特殊性质以及其他混合策略，批判性地讨论了最有前途的方法的贡献，这些策略旨在支持采用这些新方法，这些方法可用于检测作为实际临床应用的生物标志物的 miRNA。
