Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Mar;125:462-466. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.033. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
Veterinary medicines, especially antibiotics, are among the most important components related to animal feed production. Generally, the main use of antibiotics in animals is for the treatment and prevention of diseases and growth promotion. Antibiotic usage in animals may result antibiotic residues in foodstuffs such as milk, egg and meat. These residues may cause various side effects such as transfer of antibiotic resistant bacteria to humans, immunopathological effects, allergy, mutagenicity, nephropathy (gentamicin), hepatotoxicity, reproductive disorders, bone marrow toxicity (chloramphenicol) and even carcinogenicity (sulphamethazine, oxytetracycline, furazolidone). The most important adverse effect of antibiotic residues is the transfer or antibiotic resistant bacteria to the humans due to the mobile properties of resistance. Because of these undesirable effects, it is important to regulate the use of antibiotics in food animals. The individuals and the local procedures should be aware of the problem through education by authorities. In this review, antibiotic use in the foodstuffs and their effects on the human health will be discussed.
兽用药品，尤其是抗生素，是与动物饲料生产相关的最重要的成分之一。一般来说，动物中抗生素的主要用途是治疗和预防疾病以及促进生长。动物中抗生素的使用可能会导致抗生素残留于食物中，如牛奶、蛋和肉。这些残留可能会导致各种副作用，如抗生素耐药菌向人类转移、免疫病理作用、过敏、致突变性、肾病（庆大霉素）、肝毒性、生殖障碍、骨髓毒性（氯霉素）甚至致癌性（磺胺类药物、土霉素、呋喃唑酮）。抗生素残留的最重要的不良影响是由于耐药性的可移动性，导致耐药菌转移或抗生素耐药菌向人类转移。由于这些不良影响，有必要对食用动物中抗生素的使用进行监管。个人和当地程序应通过当局的教育了解这个问题。在这篇综述中，将讨论食品中抗生素的使用及其对人类健康的影响。
