Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Complement Ther Med. 2021 Jan;56:102588. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102588. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
Previous studies have shown that red meat consumption has beneficial effects on health. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between red meat consumption and depression, anxiety and psychological distress in Tehrani women.
In this cross-sectional study, 482 women aged 20-50 years old referred to the health centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018 were selected by multistage cluster sampling. The usual dietary intake was evaluated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire containing 168 items that its validity and reliability were approved previously. The red meat category was defined as the sum of red meats (beef, lamb), and organ meats (beef liver, kidney, and heart, ruminant meat). Psychological disorders were assessed using a validated Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS) questionnaires with 21-items. In the logistic regression analysis, the results were adjusted to the confounding factors.
The mean age of the study participants was 31.87 ± 7.6 years. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety and psychological distress among participants was 34%, 40% and 42%, respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, women in the highest quartile of red meat had a highest prevalence of depressive symptoms (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.32-4.76; p = 0.002), anxiety (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.00-3.29; p = 0.034) and stress (OR: 3.47; 95% CI: 1.88-6.42; p < 0.001) compared with those in the lowest quartile.
We found a significant association between red meat intake and mental health in women. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
先前的研究表明，食用红色肉类对健康有益。本研究旨在确定伊朗女性中红色肉类消费与抑郁、焦虑和心理困扰之间的关系。
在这项横断面研究中，我们采用多阶段聚类抽样的方法，于 2018 年从德黑兰医科大学的健康中心选取了 482 名年龄在 20-50 岁之间的女性。我们使用包含 168 个项目的半定量食物频率问卷评估了她们的习惯性饮食摄入情况，该问卷的有效性和可靠性此前已得到验证。红肉类别被定义为各种红肉（牛肉、羊肉）和动物内脏（牛肝、肾、心、反刍动物肉）的总和。使用经过验证的抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（DASS）问卷对心理障碍进行了评估，该问卷包含 21 个项目。在逻辑回归分析中，我们将结果调整到了混杂因素。
研究参与者的平均年龄为 31.87 ± 7.6 岁。参与者中出现抑郁症状、焦虑和心理困扰的比例分别为 34%、40%和 42%。在控制了潜在的混杂因素后，红色肉类摄入量最高的四分位数女性出现抑郁症状（OR：2.51；95%CI：1.32-4.76；p = 0.002）、焦虑（OR：1.82；95%CI：1.00-3.29；p = 0.034）和压力（OR：3.47；95%CI：1.88-6.42；p < 0.001）的比例明显高于最低四分位数女性。
我们发现红色肉类摄入量与女性的心理健康之间存在显著关联。需要进行前瞻性研究来证实这些发现。
