Sánchez Thevenet P, Alvarez H M, Torrecillas C, Jensen O, Basualdo J A
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, c/ Grecia, 31, 12006, Castellón de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia (INBIOP), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco y CONICET, Km 4, Ciudad Universitaria, U9000, Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina.
J Helminthol. 2019 Feb 4;94:e29. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X19000038.
Cystic echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus is a major zoonosis of public health significance in the Patagonian region of Argentina. This investigation sought to test the hypothesis that the persistence and dispersion of the parasite eggs can be explained by physical and meteorological parameters along with final host infection and behaviour. This observational study was carried out over a five-year period within an enclosure where two dogs harbouring a worm burden ranging from 100 to 1000 mature adult E. granulosus, as well as two uninfected dogs, had previously been kept for six months. Environmental canine faeces, topsoil, pond water, and sediment samples were examined to control for the presence of eggs and coproantigens of the parasite using microscope-based techniques and copro-ELISA plus copro-Western Blot tests. The parasite eggs were detected up to 41 months later in faeces from infected dogs, soil and sediment, and coproantigen tests remained positive for up to 70 months in faeces. Overall, parasite eggs were found within a maximum distance of 115 m from the contaminated dog faeces deposition site. Our findings indicate that under Patagonian environmental conditions, egg persistence and dispersion seem to be related to the worm burden and habits of the infected dog, to prevailing wind direction and to the existence of low bushes as well as natural bodies of water. The present study is the first to provide direct evidence of interaction between bioclimatic conditions and E. granulosus egg dispersion under Patagonian field conditions.
由细粒棘球绦虫引起的囊型棘球蚴病是阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚地区一种具有重大公共卫生意义的主要人畜共患病。本研究旨在检验以下假设：寄生虫卵的持久性和扩散可通过物理和气象参数以及终末宿主感染情况和行为来解释。这项观察性研究在一个围栏内进行了五年，此前曾将两只感染有100至1000条成熟成虫细粒棘球绦虫的狗以及两只未感染的狗关在围栏内六个月。使用基于显微镜的技术以及粪便酶联免疫吸附测定（copro-ELISA）和粪便免疫印迹（copro-Western Blot）试验，对环境中的犬粪便、表土、池塘水和沉积物样本进行检测，以控制寄生虫卵和粪便抗原的存在情况。在感染狗的粪便、土壤和沉积物中，长达41个月后仍能检测到寄生虫卵，粪便中的粪便抗原检测在长达70个月内仍呈阳性。总体而言，在距离受污染的狗粪便沉积点最大115米的范围内发现了寄生虫卵。我们的研究结果表明，在巴塔哥尼亚环境条件下，卵的持久性和扩散似乎与感染狗的虫负荷和习性、盛行风向以及低矮灌木丛和天然水体的存在有关。本研究首次提供了巴塔哥尼亚野外条件下生物气候条件与细粒棘球绦虫虫卵扩散之间相互作用的直接证据。
