Institute of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
School of Psychology, University of Newcastle.
Emotion. 2020 Apr;20(3):473-485. doi: 10.1037/emo0000566. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
Emotion regulation (ER) strategies are often categorized as universally adaptive or maladaptive. However, it has recently been proposed that this view is overly simplistic: instead, adaptive ER involves applying strategies variably to meet contextual demands. Using data from four experience-sampling studies (Ns = 70, 95, 200, and 179), we tested the relationship between ER variability and negative affect (NA) in everyday life. The constantly changing demands of daily life provide a more ecologically valid context in which to test the role of variability. We calculated 2 global indicators of variability: within-strategy variability (of particular strategies across time) and between-strategy variability (across strategies at one time-point). Associations between within-strategy variability and NA were inconsistent. In contrast, when controlling for mean strategy endorsement, between-strategy variability was associated with reduced NA across both individuals and measurement occasions. This is the first evidence that variably choosing between different strategies within a situation may be adaptive in daily life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
情绪调节（ER）策略通常被分为普遍适应或适应不良。然而，最近有人提出，这种观点过于简单化：相反，适应性的 ER 涉及到根据情境需求灵活应用策略。我们使用来自四个经验抽样研究的数据（N=70、95、200 和 179），测试了 ER 变异性与日常生活中的消极情绪（NA）之间的关系。日常生活中不断变化的需求为测试变异性的作用提供了一个更具生态效度的环境。我们计算了 2 个全局变异性指标：特定策略在时间上的策略内变异性（within-strategy variability）和一个时间点上策略间的变异性（between-strategy variability）。策略内变异性与 NA 之间的关联并不一致。相比之下，当控制策略的平均认可时，策略间变异性与个体和测量次数上的 NA 减少有关。这是第一个证据表明，在一种情况下灵活选择不同的策略可能在日常生活中是适应性的。
