Trudel-Fitzgerald Claudia, O'Loughlin Jennifer, Mezuk Briana, Bouizegarene Nabil, Sauvageau Eliane, Sylvestre Marie-Pierre
Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3600 rue Sainte-Marguerite, Trois-Rivières (Québec), G9A 5H7, Canada.
Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montréal, Canada.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2025 May 27. doi: 10.1007/s00127-025-02926-z.
Stress-related coping is an important mechanism of mental health functioning. However, the distribution of coping processes across various factors (e.g., individual like sex, contextual like perceived social status) remain under-explored. This study identified individual, intergenerational, and contextual factors associated with coping strategies, variability in their use (as a proxy for using strategies flexibly across contexts), and perceived coping efficacy to handle stressors among young adults.
Participants from the Nicotine Dependence in Teens study (NDIT; N = 827) completed the validated Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations scale in 2011-12 (age ~ 24). Data on many factors, including race/ethnicity, intergenerational education patterns, and perceived social status, were collected from 1999-2000 (at NDIT inception; age 12-13) to 2011-12. Linear and multinominal regressions modeled the associations between individual, intergenerational, and contextual factors and coping strategies, variability, and efficacy, separately.
Women versus men reported more frequent use of emotion-, distraction-, and social diversion-oriented strategies and higher variability levels (e.g., B=0.40, 95%CI = 0.28, 0.51), but less frequent use of task-oriented strategies and lower coping efficacy (e.g., B=-0.46, 95%CI=-0.59, -0.32). Higher incomes, more educated mothers, and higher perceived social status in the community were associated with more frequent use of task-oriented strategies and coping efficacy, and less frequent use of emotion-oriented strategies. Other factors, including race/ethnicity, marital status, and school socio-economic status, were not robustly related to coping processes.
Findings document the distribution of coping processes across individual, intergenerational, and contextual factors among young adults, which may more broadly increase understanding of social disparities in mental health.
与压力相关的应对方式是心理健康功能的重要机制。然而，应对过程在各种因素（如个体因素如性别、情境因素如感知到的社会地位）中的分布仍未得到充分探索。本研究确定了与应对策略、应对策略使用的变异性（作为在不同情境中灵活使用策略的代理指标）以及年轻人应对压力源的感知应对效能相关的个体、代际和情境因素。
来自青少年尼古丁依赖研究（NDIT；N = 827）的参与者在2011 - 12年（年龄约24岁）完成了经过验证的应激情境应对量表。关于许多因素的数据，包括种族/民族、代际教育模式和感知到的社会地位，是在1999 - 2000年（NDIT开始时；年龄12 - 13岁）至2011 - 12年期间收集的。线性回归和多项回归分别对个体、代际和情境因素与应对策略、变异性和效能之间的关联进行了建模。
与男性相比，女性报告更频繁地使用以情绪、分心和社会转移为导向的策略，且变异性水平更高（例如，B = 0.40，95%CI = 0.28，0.51），但使用以任务为导向的策略频率较低，应对效能也较低（例如，B = -0.46，95%CI = -0.59，-0.32）。较高的收入、受教育程度更高的母亲以及在社区中更高感知到的社会地位与更频繁地使用以任务为导向的策略和应对效能相关，而与以情绪为导向的策略使用频率较低相关。其他因素，包括种族/民族、婚姻状况和学校社会经济地位，与应对过程没有密切关系。
研究结果记录了年轻人应对过程在个体、代际和情境因素中的分布情况，这可能更广泛地增进对心理健康社会差异的理解。
