Mauschitz M M, Li J Q, Larsen P P, Köberlein-Neu J, Holz F G, Breteler M M B, Finger R P
Universitäts-Augenklinik, Universität Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland.
Populationsbezogene Gesundheitsforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologe. 2019 Feb;116(2):201-212. doi: 10.1007/s00347-019-0853-y.
Approximately 500,000 blind and 1 million visually impaired persons live in Germany, which lacks a national blind registry. Therefore data from social welfare agencies and population-based studies are used to estimate prevalence and incidence. Main causes for severe visual impairment and blindness are age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and diabetic eye diseases. We observed a relative decline of the incidence of severe visual impairment and blindness over the last decades, which is primarily due to improved ophthalmic care and better treatment options. However, the absolute number of subjects with severe visual impairment and blindness increases due to population ageing. This will cause significant social and economic challenges in the future.
德国约有50万盲人以及100万视力受损者，但该国缺乏全国性的盲人登记系统。因此，社会福利机构的数据以及基于人群的研究被用于估算患病率和发病率。导致严重视力损害和失明的主要原因是年龄相关性黄斑变性、青光眼和糖尿病眼病。我们观察到，在过去几十年中，严重视力损害和失明的发病率相对下降，这主要归功于眼科护理的改善和更好的治疗选择。然而，由于人口老龄化，严重视力损害和失明患者的绝对数量有所增加。这将在未来引发重大的社会和经济挑战。
