Hwang Yong Il, Park Yong Bum, Yoon Hyoung Kyu, Kim Tae-Hyung, Yoo Kwang Ha, Rhee Chin Kook, Park Joo Hun, Jang Seung Hun, Park Sunghoon, Kim Joo-Hee, Park Jiyoung, Jung Ki-Suck
Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si, South Korea,
Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea,
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2019 Jan 21;14:271-277. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S189859. eCollection 2019.
Smoking is a major risk factor for COPD. However, there is low COPD awareness among smokers. We conducted a field survey to investigate COPD awareness, optimistic bias associated with COPD, and COPD prevalence (using handheld spirometry) among current male smokers.
We enrolled currently smoking males aged over 40 years, who completed a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of six parts: 1) baseline demographics, 2) participants' awareness of COPD and pulmonary function tests, 3) presence of COPD-related respiratory symptoms and experience with pulmonary function testing, 4) optimistic bias about COPD, 5) willingness to change attitude toward respiratory health, and 6) preference of media for obtaining health-related information. Pulmonary function was assessed via handheld spirometry by two experienced pulmonary function laboratory technicians after completion of the questionnaire.
We enrolled 105 participants. Only 24.8% knew of COPD. Awareness of pulmonary function testing was reported by 41.9% of participants, and 30.5% had previously undertaken pulmonary function tests. Among the subjects who had not previously undergone pulmonary function tests, 47% were not aware of their existence. The mean optimistic bias scores were 3.9 and 4.0, respectively, reflecting the general perception, among participants, that they were about as likely to develop COPD as similarly aged smokers and friends, respectively. A total of 40.0% of participants perceived personal COPD risk to be lower than COPD risk among their friends. Abnormal handheld spirometry results were observed in 28.6% of participants. Among the subjects with abnormal handheld spirometry results, 36.7% had FEV values <50% of the predicted value.
In conclusion, current male smokers had poor awareness of COPD. Participants perceived their risk of developing COPD to be no higher than their friends' COPD risk. Strategies to increase COPD awareness among high-risk groups should be developed.
吸烟是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的主要危险因素。然而，吸烟者对COPD的认知度较低。我们进行了一项实地调查，以调查当前男性吸烟者对COPD的认知度、与COPD相关的乐观偏差以及COPD患病率（使用手持式肺活量计）。
我们招募了年龄超过40岁的当前吸烟男性，他们完成了一份自填式问卷。问卷包括六个部分：1）基线人口统计学信息，2）参与者对COPD和肺功能测试的认知度，3）是否存在与COPD相关的呼吸道症状以及肺功能测试经历，4）对COPD的乐观偏差，5）改变对呼吸健康态度的意愿，6）获取健康相关信息的媒体偏好。问卷完成后，由两名经验丰富的肺功能实验室技术人员通过手持式肺活量计评估肺功能。
我们招募了105名参与者。只有24.8%的人知道COPD。41.9%的参与者报告了解肺功能测试，30.5%的人之前进行过肺功能测试。在之前未进行过肺功能测试的受试者中，47%的人不知道有肺功能测试这回事。乐观偏差平均得分分别为3.9和4.0，这反映了参与者的总体认知，即他们患COPD的可能性分别与年龄相仿的吸烟者和朋友患COPD的可能性相当。共有40.0%的参与者认为自己患COPD的风险低于其朋友。28.6%的参与者手持式肺活量计结果异常。在手持式肺活量计结果异常的受试者中，36.7%的人第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV）值低于预测值的50%。
总之，当前男性吸烟者对COPD的认知较差。参与者认为自己患COPD的风险不高于其朋友患COPD的风险。应制定提高高危人群对COPD认知度的策略。
