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感知身体外貌和饮食习惯:接受高等教育的年轻和成年学生的声音。

Perceived Body Appearance and Eating Habits: The Voice of Young and Adult Students Attending Higher Education.

机构信息

Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University of Israel, Raanana 4353701, Israel.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 4;16(3):451. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030451.

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between social-environmental influences and body image perception. Specifically, the study explored the perceived body appearance among young and older students attending higher education, and their eating experiences, as related to four main social-environmental circles: family, friends, work colleagues, and media. The present study interviewed 30 students (14 men and 16 women) ages 20⁻40. The findings show that most of the participants were concerned about their appearance, reported on various eating habits rooted on family tradition. Findings revealed differences among gender and age groups regarding, especially regarding sport and dissatisfaction with their own perceived appearance. Although more women reported on healthy eating habits and doing sport, they reported higher dissatisfaction with their body appearance. It was found that in both groups, family habits and their parents' remarks about bodies had an ongoing effect and significant influence on their body self-perceptions. Further health promotion should be directed in particular to individuals with a perceived negative body image, in order to enhance positive body self-perception, implementing heathy eating habits and engaging higher commitment to sport.

摘要

本研究考察了社会环境影响与身体意象感知之间的关系。具体而言,该研究探讨了在接受高等教育的年轻和年长学生中,他们的身体外貌感知以及与四个主要社会环境圈(家庭、朋友、工作同事和媒体)相关的饮食体验。本研究采访了 30 名年龄在 20 岁至 40 岁之间的学生(14 名男性和 16 名女性)。研究结果表明,大多数参与者都关注自己的外貌,并报告了基于家庭传统的各种饮食习惯。研究结果显示,性别和年龄组之间存在差异,尤其是在运动和对自己感知到的外貌不满方面。尽管更多的女性报告了健康的饮食习惯和运动,但她们对自己的身体外貌不满的程度更高。研究发现,在这两个群体中,家庭习惯和父母对身体的评价对他们的身体自我认知有着持续而重要的影响。进一步的健康促进措施应该特别针对那些对自己身体形象有负面认知的个体,以增强积极的身体自我认知,养成健康的饮食习惯,并更积极地参与运动。

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