Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
Sleep. 2019 May 1;42(5). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsz034.
Sleep-wake regularity (SWR) is often disrupted in college students and mood disorders are rife at this age. Disrupted SWR can cause repetitive and long-term misalignment between environmental and behavioral cycles and the circadian system which may then have psychological and physical health consequences. We tested whether SWR was independently associated with mood and autonomic function in a healthy adult cohort.
We studied 42 college students over a 3 week period using daily sleep-wake diaries and continuous electrocardiogram recordings. Weekly SWR was quantified by the interdaily stability of sleep-wake times (ISSW) and mood was assessed weekly using the Beck Depression Inventory-II. To assess autonomic function, we quantified the high-frequency (HF) power of heart rate variability (HRV). Linear mixed effects models were used to assess the relationship between repeated weekly measures of mood, SWR, and HF.
Low weekly ISSW predicted subsequent poor mood and worsening mood independently of age, sex, race, sleep duration, and physical activity. Although no association was found between ISSW and HF, the ISSW-mood association was significantly moderated by nocturnal HF, i.e. reported mood was lowest after a week with low ISSW and high HF. Prior week mood scores did not significantly predict the subsequent week's ISSW.
Irregular sleep-wake timing appears to precede poor mood in young adults. Further work is needed to understand the implications of high nocturnal HRV in those with low mood and irregular sleep-wake cycles.
大学生的睡眠-觉醒规律（SWR）经常被打乱，而这个年龄段的情绪障碍也很普遍。SWR 的破坏会导致环境和行为周期与昼夜节律系统之间的重复和长期失准，从而可能对心理和身体健康产生影响。我们在一个健康的成年人群中测试了 SWR 是否与情绪和自主功能独立相关。
我们在 3 周的时间内通过每日睡眠-觉醒日记和连续心电图记录对 42 名大学生进行了研究。通过睡眠-觉醒时间的日间稳定性（ISSW）来量化每周的 SWR，每周使用贝克抑郁量表-II 评估情绪。为了评估自主功能，我们量化了心率变异性（HRV）的高频（HF）功率。使用线性混合效应模型来评估重复的每周情绪、SWR 和 HF 测量值之间的关系。
每周低的 ISSW 预测随后的情绪不佳和情绪恶化，独立于年龄、性别、种族、睡眠时间和体力活动。尽管在 ISSW 和 HF 之间没有发现关联，但 ISSW-情绪的关联被夜间 HF 显著调节，即报告的情绪在一周低的 ISSW 和高 HF 后最低。前一周的情绪评分并没有显著预测随后一周的 ISSW。
不规律的睡眠-觉醒时间似乎先于年轻人的情绪不佳。需要进一步研究以了解夜间 HRV 高的人在情绪低落和睡眠-觉醒周期不规律时的影响。
