CarMeN Laboratory (UMR INSERM 1060-INRA 1397, INSA), Lyon-Sud Faculty of Medicine, University of Lyon, 69310-Pierre-Bénite, France.
Food Funct. 2019 Feb 20;10(2):529-538. doi: 10.1039/c8fo02295j.
Identification of active constituents of our diet is crucial to understand the impact of food on health, and disease development, and for the formulation of functional food and nutraceuticals. Until now research into the pharmacological properties of the components of our diet has focused on vitamins, sterols, polyphenols, fiber, etc. But very recently, it has been found that plants contain various types of vesicles which are in contact with the intestinal tract throughout our lives. They participate in intestinal tissue renewal processes and modulate gut microbiota in healthy subjects and have important biological functions against inflammatory diseases (e.g.; colitis injury, liver steatosis) or cancers associated with their specific lipid and miRNA content. In addition, recent data have suggested that plant-derived nanovesicles would be excellent candidates for the delivery of therapeutic agents (e.g.; anti-cancerous drugs, siRNAs) or poorly soluble natural compounds (e.g.; curcumin), as they are able to cross mammalian barriers without inducing either an inflammatory response or necrosis, conversely to conventional liposomes. It is thus important to consider these plant-derived vesicles as new components of our food in order to evaluate their potential for health benefit and food-derived technology.
鉴定我们饮食中的活性成分对于了解食物对健康和疾病发展的影响，以及功能性食品和营养保健品的研发至关重要。到目前为止，对我们饮食成分的药理特性的研究主要集中在维生素、固醇、多酚、纤维等方面。但最近发现，植物中含有多种囊泡，这些囊泡在我们的一生中都与肠道接触。它们参与肠道组织更新过程，并调节健康受试者的肠道微生物群，对炎症性疾病（如结肠炎损伤、肝脂肪变性）或与特定脂质和 miRNA 含量相关的癌症具有重要的生物学功能。此外，最近的数据表明，植物衍生的纳米囊泡将是治疗剂（如抗癌药物、siRNAs）或难溶性天然化合物（如姜黄素）的理想载体，因为它们能够穿越哺乳动物屏障，而不会引起炎症反应或坏死，这与传统脂质体相反。因此，有必要将这些植物衍生的囊泡视为我们食物中的新成分，以评估它们对健康益处和食品衍生技术的潜在价值。
