INSERM UMR1063, Stress oxydant et pathologies métaboliques, Faculté de Santé, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.
INSERM UMR1063, Stress oxydant et pathologies métaboliques, Faculté de Santé, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2018 Apr 15;644:57-63. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.03.004. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
Polyphenols are found in plant-derived foods and beverages and display numerous protective effects against cancers, cardiovascular, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), microparticles, exosomes, and apoptotic bodies, originated by different cell types are emerging as a novel mean of cell-to-cell communication in physiology and pathology and represent a new way to convey fundamental information between cells. Polyphenols can act on signaling pathways that interfere with the biogenesis of EVs. Thus, they are able to control EV release from cells and their content and therefore their functional properties. Both EVs and polyphenols are therapeutic tools that can be used against several diseases. In this context, the combination of both tools can increase their therapeutic potential. Three types of strategies can be used: (i) plants are able to produce EVs that encapsulate natural components from vegetables, polyphenols for instance, (ii) mammalian cells can be treated with polyphenols and the subsequent EVs produced are enriched in these components, and (iii) EVs from mammalian cells can be uploaded with polyphenols. We review the novel aspects of the interplay between polyphenols and EVs that could trigger and improve the health benefits in cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases.
多酚存在于植物来源的食物和饮料中，具有多种抗癌、心血管、代谢和神经退行性疾病的保护作用。细胞外囊泡（EVs）、微粒、外泌体和凋亡小体是不同细胞类型产生的新型细胞间通讯方式，在生理和病理中是细胞间传递基本信息的新途径，多酚可以作用于干扰 EV 生物发生的信号通路。因此，它们能够控制细胞释放 EV 及其内容物，从而控制其功能特性。EV 和多酚都是治疗工具，可用于治疗多种疾病。在这种情况下，将这两种工具结合使用可以提高其治疗潜力。可以使用三种类型的策略：（i）植物能够产生 EV，其中包含蔬菜中的天然成分，例如多酚，（ii）用多酚处理哺乳动物细胞，随后产生的 EV 富含这些成分，和（iii）用多酚加载哺乳动物细胞的 EV。我们综述了多酚和 EV 之间相互作用的新方面，这可能会引发并改善癌症、心血管、代谢和神经退行性疾病的健康益处。
