University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2019 May;47(4):619-642. doi: 10.3758/s13421-019-00893-w.
We examined the effects of interpolated retrieval from long-term memory (LTM) and short-term memory (STM) on list isolation in dual-list free recall and whether individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) moderated those effects. Ninety-seven subjects completed study-test trials that included two study lists separated by either an exemplar generation task (LTM retrieval) or a two-back task (STM retrieval). Subjects then completed an externalized free recall task that allowed for the examination of response accessibility and monitoring. Individual differences in WMC were assessed using three complex span tasks: operation span, reading span, and rotation span. Correct recall and intratrial intrusion summary scores showed no effect of interpolated retrieval on either response accessibility or monitoring. However, serial-position curves for correct recall of List 1 showed larger primacy in the two-back than in the exemplar generation task for high-WMC subjects. We interpreted these results from a context change perspective, as showing that interpolated LTM retrieval accelerated context change for subjects who processed the context more effectively. We consider the implications of these findings for models of memory.
我们考察了从长时记忆（LTM）和短时记忆（STM）中插入式检索对双列表自由回忆中列表分离的影响，以及工作记忆容量（WMC）个体差异是否调节了这些影响。97 名受试者完成了包括两个学习列表的学习-测试试验，这些列表由范例生成任务（LTM 检索）或双任务（STM 检索）隔开。然后，受试者完成了一个外部自由回忆任务，允许检查反应可及性和监测。使用三种复杂跨度任务：操作跨度、阅读跨度和旋转跨度来评估 WMC 的个体差异。正确回忆和试验内侵入总结分数显示，在反应可及性或监测方面，插入式检索没有影响。然而，对于高 WMC 受试者，正确回忆列表 1 的系列位置曲线在双任务中比范例生成任务中的首因效应更大。我们从上下文变化的角度解释这些结果，表明对于更有效地处理上下文的受试者，插入式 LTM 检索加速了上下文变化。我们考虑这些发现对记忆模型的意义。
