Lasaponara Stefano, Glicksohn Joseph, Mauro Federica, Ben-Soussan Tal Dotan
Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, Assisi, Italy; Department of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università LUMSA, Roma, Italy.
The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Criminology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Prog Brain Res. 2019;244:101-114. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.10.017. Epub 2019 Jan 3.
In the study of the electrophysiological correlates of attention, a phasic change in alertness has been classically related to a negative frontal-central shift called Contingent Negative Variation (CNV). Studies investigating the effects of meditation on the CNV in participants reporting frequent transcendental experiences (TE) reported reduced CNV in choice reaction time task (CRT), and increased CNV in simple reaction time task (SRT), suggesting that meditation can induce a more balanced attentional state. In the current study, we tested whether a similar effect could be obtained in healthy non-meditators using a single session of a specifically structured sensorimotor training (Quadrato Motor Training-QMT). In addition, in contrast to previous studies, we further examined the P3 component, reflecting cognitive load and novelty detection. We found that similar to previous studies, following a QMT session, CNV amplitude reduced in CRT and increased in SRT. Conversely, the P3 amplitude increased in CRT and decreased in SRT. Taken together, these results support the idea that QMT has attentional benefits in normal healthy participants, similar to those observed in experienced meditators.
在对注意力的电生理相关性研究中，警觉性的阶段性变化传统上与一种称为关联性负变（CNV）的额中央负向偏移有关。对报告有频繁超验体验（TE）的参与者进行的关于冥想对CNV影响的研究表明，在选择反应时任务（CRT）中CNV降低，而在简单反应时任务（SRT）中CNV增加，这表明冥想可以诱导出更平衡的注意力状态。在当前研究中，我们测试了使用单次特定结构的感觉运动训练（四方运动训练-QMT）是否能在健康的非冥想者中获得类似效果。此外，与以往研究不同的是，我们进一步研究了反映认知负荷和新奇性检测的P3成分。我们发现，与以往研究相似，在进行一次QMT训练后，CRT中的CNV幅度降低，SRT中的CNV幅度增加。相反，CRT中的P3幅度增加，SRT中的P3幅度降低。综上所述，这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即QMT对正常健康参与者有注意力方面的益处，类似于在有经验的冥想者中观察到的情况。
