College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QJ, UK.
Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QJ, UK.
Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 8;9(1):1712. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-38204-z.
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) struggle with the acquisition of coordinated motor skills. This paper adopts a dynamical systems perspective to assess how individual coordination solutions might emerge following an intervention that trained accurate gaze control in a throw and catch task. Kinematic data were collected from six upper body sensors from twenty-one children with DCD, using a 3D motion analysis system, before and after a 4-week training intervention. Covariance matrices between kinematic measures were computed and distances between pairs of covariance matrices calculated using Riemannian geometry. Multidimensional scaling was then used to analyse differences between coordination patterns. The gaze trained group revealed significantly higher total coordination (sum of all the pairwise covariances) following training than a technique-trained control group. While the increase in total coordination also significantly predicted improvement in task performance, the distinct post-intervention coordination patterns for the gaze trained group were not consistent. Additionally, the gaze trained group revealed individual coordination patterns for successful catch attempts that were different from all the coordination patterns before training, whereas the control group did not. Taken together, the results of this interdisciplinary study illustrate how gaze training may encourage the emergence of coordination via self-organization in children with DCD.
发展性协调障碍（DCD）儿童在获得协调运动技能方面存在困难。本文采用动力系统的观点来评估在一项投掷和接球任务中进行准确的眼球控制训练的干预措施之后，个体协调解决方案如何出现。在为期 4 周的训练干预之前和之后，使用三维运动分析系统从 21 名 DCD 儿童的六个上身传感器中收集运动学数据。计算运动学测量之间的协方差矩阵，并使用黎曼几何计算协方差矩阵对之间的距离。然后使用多维标度分析来分析协调模式之间的差异。与技术训练对照组相比，接受眼球训练的组在训练后总协调（所有成对协方差的总和）明显更高。虽然总协调的增加也显著预测了任务表现的改善，但眼球训练组的干预后协调模式并不一致。此外，眼球训练组在成功接球尝试中表现出的个体协调模式与训练前的所有协调模式都不同，而对照组则没有。总的来说，这项跨学科研究的结果说明了眼球训练如何通过 DCD 儿童的自组织来鼓励协调的出现。
