Chen Yang-Er, Wu Nan, Zhang Zhong-Wei, Yuan Ming, Yuan Shu
College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2019 Jan 25;10:35. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00035. eCollection 2019.
Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements have been mainly applied to investigate the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus in the diagnosis of environmental stress. Moss is sensitive to several abiotic stresses and is considered an environmental indicator. Therefore, moss chlorophyll fluorescence can be as a visual parameter applicable for monitoring heavy metal contaminants in water. Different from previous studies with value changes of chlorophyll fluorescence in mosses, we suggest that phenotypes with anthocyanin accumulation pattern and chlorosis pattern and colors of chlorophyll fluorescence images of the maximum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) and the quantum yield of PSII electron transport (Φ) could reflect metal species groups and concentrations roughly. And we further indicated that Cr(III) and Cr(VI) could be monitored distinguishably according to the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) fluorescence of sporadic purple and sporadic lavender images, respectively. It is interesting that the fluorescence color patterns were nearly the same for all treatment concentrations. This perspective provides additional data of chlorophyll fluorescence changes in moss under cold, heat, salinity, high light or osmotic stress. Only heat stress and high light have significant effects on the fluorescence parameters of Fv/Fm and Φ. In contrast, mosses are less sensitive to short-term cold, salinity, and osmotic stress. While NPQ decreases rapidly under the osmotic stress. Nevertheless, heat stress, high light or osmotic stress does not usually co-occur in the place where the moss grows. Estimation through moss chlorophyll fluorescence color patterns is still a rapid and non-invasive method to monitor heavy metal pollutions in water.
叶绿素荧光测量主要应用于研究光合机构在环境胁迫诊断中的功能。苔藓对多种非生物胁迫敏感，被视为环境指示物。因此，苔藓叶绿素荧光可作为一种直观参数，用于监测水中的重金属污染物。与以往关于苔藓叶绿素荧光值变化的研究不同，我们认为具有花青素积累模式和黄化模式的表型以及光系统II光化学最大效率（Fv/Fm）和光系统II电子传递量子产率（Φ）的叶绿素荧光图像颜色可大致反映金属种类和浓度。并且我们进一步指出，Cr(III)和Cr(VI)可分别根据零星紫色和零星淡紫色图像的非光化学猝灭（NPQ）荧光进行区分监测。有趣的是，所有处理浓度下的荧光颜色模式几乎相同。这一观点提供了苔藓在冷、热、盐度、高光或渗透胁迫下叶绿素荧光变化的额外数据。只有热胁迫和高光对Fv/Fm和Φ的荧光参数有显著影响。相比之下，苔藓对短期冷、盐度和渗透胁迫不太敏感。而在渗透胁迫下NPQ迅速下降。然而，热胁迫、高光或渗透胁迫通常不会在苔藓生长的地方同时出现。通过苔藓叶绿素荧光颜色模式进行估算仍是一种快速且非侵入性的监测水中重金属污染的方法。
