Jones Williams W
University of Wales College of Medicine, UK.
Postgrad Med J. 1988 Jul;64(753):511-6. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.64.753.511.
The increasing use of beryllium in a variety of industries continues to be a hazard. New cases are still being reported to the UK Beryllium Case Registry, now numbering 60 in the period 1945-1988. The majority of cases follow inhalation which results in acute beryllium disease (chemical pneumonitis) or more commonly chronic beryllium disease--a granulomatous pneumonitis. Granulomatous skin nodules also occur following local implantation. The clinical and radiological features are briefly described with the emphasis on pathology and immunology. Laser microprobe mass spectrometry analysis of tissue sections is a major advance in diagnosis. Detection of beryllium distinguishes the granulomas of chronic beryllium disease from other diseases, in particular sarcoidosis. The role of beryllium lymphocyte transformation tests is discussed. Chronic beryllium disease is steroid dependent and local excision of skin lesions appears to be curative. There is no evidence that beryllium is carcinogenic.
铍在各种行业中的使用日益增加，这仍然是一种危害。新病例仍在向英国铍病例登记处报告，在1945年至1988年期间已达60例。大多数病例是吸入铍所致，可导致急性铍病（化学性肺炎），更常见的是慢性铍病——一种肉芽肿性肺炎。局部植入后也会出现肉芽肿性皮肤结节。本文简要描述了其临床和放射学特征，重点在于病理学和免疫学。组织切片的激光微探针质谱分析是诊断方面的一项重大进展。铍的检测可将慢性铍病的肉芽肿与其他疾病，特别是结节病区分开来。文中讨论了铍淋巴细胞转化试验的作用。慢性铍病依赖类固醇治疗，皮肤病变的局部切除似乎可治愈。没有证据表明铍具有致癌性。
