Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica NeuroMet, Bologna, Italy.
Auton Neurosci. 2019 Mar;217:91-101. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2019.01.009. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
Circadian rhythms of blood pressure and heart rate are regulated by a biological clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, which modulates the autonomic nervous system activity directed to the heart and blood vessels. Humoral mediators released with periodicity induced by the SCN as well as sleep are also important factors. Disruption of physiological cardiovascular circadian rhythms has important clinical implications, as it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In this review, firstly we will give an overview on the neuroanatomic and physiologic aspects of cardiovascular circadian rhythms. Secondly we will examine how to assess them in clinical practice. Finally we will discuss certain neurodegenerative diseases in which there is an alteration of these rhythms, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
血压和心率的昼夜节律受位于下丘脑视交叉上核（SCN）的生物钟调节，它调节自主神经系统活动，作用于心脏和血管。由 SCN 周期性诱导释放的体液介质和睡眠也是重要因素。生理心血管昼夜节律的破坏具有重要的临床意义，因为它与发病率和死亡率的增加有关。在这篇综述中，我们首先将概述心血管昼夜节律的神经解剖学和生理学方面。其次，我们将检查如何在临床实践中评估它们。最后，我们将讨论某些神经退行性疾病中这些节律的改变，如帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病。
