Sun Nian-Xia, Tong Li-Tao, Liang Ting-Ting, Wang Li-Li, Liu Li-Ya, Zhou Xian-Rong, Zhou Su-Mei
Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture.
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shanxi University of Science and Technology.
J Oleo Sci. 2019 Mar 1;68(3):251-259. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess18221. Epub 2019 Feb 13.
The nutritional components in oat and tartary buckwheat had been assessed to have cholesterollowering effects. However, The effect of oat and tartary buckwheat based-food (OF) on cholesterol-lowering and gut microbiota in hypercholesterole hamsters was still limited studied because they are usually consumed in whole gran as well as after being processed. In this study, normal diets, high fat diet (HFD) with/without OF were fed to hamsters for 30 days respectively and growth parameters, metabolic parameters, and gut microbiota were investigated, respectively. It was found that OF significantly decreased plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), lowered liver TC, cholesterol ester (CE), and triglycerides (TG) concentrations, and increased fecal weight and bile acids (BA) concentrations, compared with HFD (p < 0.05). Moreover, the concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were significantly increased in hamsters fed with OF, compared with HFD (p < 0.05). OF changed the overall structure of gut microbiota. The relative abundances of Erysipelotrichaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae were decreased and the relative abundance of Eubacteriaceae was increased, compared with HFD. These results suggested that OF could reduce the concentrations of plasma lipid by inhibiting cholesterol absorption in liver and promoting excretions of fecal lipid and BA. And it also increased SCFAs and modulated the gut microbiota effectively to exert the hypocholesterolemic effects.
燕麦和苦荞中的营养成分已被评估具有降低胆固醇的作用。然而，基于燕麦和苦荞的食物（OF）对高胆固醇仓鼠的降胆固醇作用和肠道微生物群的影响仍研究有限，因为它们通常以全谷物形式以及经过加工后食用。在本研究中，分别给仓鼠喂食正常饮食、含/不含OF的高脂肪饮食（HFD）30天，并分别研究生长参数、代谢参数和肠道微生物群。结果发现，与HFD相比，OF显著降低了血浆总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-胆固醇），降低了肝脏TC、胆固醇酯（CE）和甘油三酯（TG）浓度，并增加了粪便重量和胆汁酸（BA）浓度（p<0.05）。此外，与HFD相比，喂食OF的仓鼠中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和总短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）的浓度显著增加（p<0.05）。OF改变了肠道微生物群的整体结构。与HFD相比，丹毒丝菌科、瘤胃球菌科和毛螺菌科的相对丰度降低，真杆菌科的相对丰度增加。这些结果表明，OF可以通过抑制肝脏中胆固醇的吸收以及促进粪便脂质和BA的排泄来降低血浆脂质浓度。并且它还增加了SCFAs并有效调节肠道微生物群以发挥降胆固醇作用。
