Liang Ting-Ting, Tong Li-Tao, Geng Dong-Hui, Wang Li-Li, Zhou Xian-Rong, Pu Hua-Yin, Jia Wei, Wu Qing-Ping, Huang Jun-Rong
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shanxi University of Science and Technology.
Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Ministry of Agriculture.
J Oleo Sci. 2019;68(9):909-922. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess18257.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of wheat gluten on gut microbiota from hamsters and also analyse whether alterations in microbiota could result in wheat gluten's lipid-lowering properties. Four weeks male hamsters were divided into 3 groups (n=10). Two hypercholesterolemic groups were fed for 35 days with hypercholesterolemic diet, containing 20% (w/w) wheat gluten or casein. Wheat gluten significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations, and also decreased the liver total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC), cholesterol ester (CE), triglycerides (TG) concentrations. Wheat gluten group had a higher fecal lipids, total cholesterol (TC) and bile acids (BA) than that of casein group (p < 0.05). Moreover, wheat gluten significantly increased total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentrations in feces. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene revealed that intake of wheat gluten decreased the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Erysipelotrichaceae, but to increased the relative abundances of Bateroidetes, Bacteroidales_S24-7_group and Ruminococcaceae. The lipid lowering properties of wheat gluten was associated with the lower ratio of Firmicutes/Bateroidetes, the lower of the bacterial taxa Erysipelotrichaceae and the higher of the bacterial taxa Bacteroidales_S24-7_group and Ruminococcaceae. These results suggest that wheat gluten modulate cholesterol metabolism by altering intestinal microflora.
本研究的目的是评估小麦麸质对仓鼠肠道微生物群的影响，并分析微生物群的变化是否会导致小麦麸质的降脂特性。将四周龄雄性仓鼠分为3组（n = 10）。两个高胆固醇血症组用含20%（w/w）小麦麸质或酪蛋白的高胆固醇饮食喂养35天。小麦麸质显著降低了血清总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）浓度，还降低了肝脏总胆固醇（TC）、游离胆固醇（FC）、胆固醇酯（CE）、甘油三酯（TG）浓度。小麦麸质组的粪便脂质、总胆固醇（TC）和胆汁酸（BA）高于酪蛋白组（p < 0.05）。此外，小麦麸质显著增加了粪便中总短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的浓度。16S rRNA基因测序显示，摄入小麦麸质降低了厚壁菌门和丹毒丝菌科的相对丰度，但增加了拟杆菌门、拟杆菌目_S24 - 7_组和瘤胃球菌科的相对丰度。小麦麸质的降脂特性与较低的厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比例、较低的丹毒丝菌科细菌分类群以及较高的拟杆菌目_S24 - 7_组和瘤胃球菌科细菌分类群有关。这些结果表明，小麦麸质通过改变肠道微生物群来调节胆固醇代谢。
